Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous (1)

Fan Chengda (1126-1933), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, is famous for his poems describing rural scenery. The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn and winter in a year. With a fresh style, the poet described the natural scenery and farmers' working life in various periods in the countryside in a more delicate way, which < P > made the reading interesting. At the same time, because of his sympathy for the peasants, his poems also reflect the exploitation of the peasants by the government and rural landlords and their hardships in life. This is one of those poems, describing a small scene of rural life. It writes from the side, < P > reflecting the tense labor atmosphere and interesting life in the countryside.

The scene unfolds like this: early summer, the busy season for small farmers. In the paddy field, green seedlings have grown up, and barnyard grass has also been born. At this time, it's time to plow the field, that is, weed. "Going out to cultivate the fields during the day",

going out to weed the fields during the day, which was the work done by men at that time

In the feudal society with a basically self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy, food and clothing were produced by themselves. At that time, the technology of planting cotton had not been widely spread in China, and dressing depended on sericulture and hemp planting. Rich people wear silk, and poor people wear coarse linen. Linen is made by soaking ramie in water after harvesting.

Remove the epidermis: take out the fiber, dry it in the sun, then twist it into thread, which is called "Ji Ma", and then weave it into cloth. When women finish other housework during the day, they are "numb" at night. As an example,

mowing grass and beating hemp take care of the "children in the village are in charge of their own affairs" in the second sentence. "Children" are men and women. From the tone of the characters in the poem, nature refers to young people. Poetry says: in the village, men and women are not allowed to be idle. "Being the master",

means each department does its own thing, and each department is in charge of its own line. The meaning here is different from what we often say now, "being the master of the house". In addition to adults who are busy with work, there is another kind of people, that is, children who are not busy. They are also involved in the upsurge of production in another way. "Children and grandchildren" refers to the children of the later generation. These little dolls haven't the ability to work yet, and they can't plow or knit. Note that the word "unsolved" means "can't do it" If I can, I will take part in the labor of "ploughing the fields" and "making achievements". Although not, they are not idle. So what do you do? Children in rural areas,

deeply impressed by [rú], are also familiar with the agricultural life of adults, and they have developed the habit of loving labor since childhood, so they are planting melons under the mulberry trees in a three-by-three-five way. This is a common thing in rural areas, but it has its own characteristics. Here, children who can't take part in labor are still like this. Then, how can adults who are bearing the heavy burden of labor be busy with production?

Although the description of children and grandchildren planting melons is written from the side, it is not a foil, but in-depth. In this way,

exudes a strong flavor of life in art, and unfolds a warm picture of labor and production in front of people, leaving a strong rhyme interest in the language of the poem.