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Can diarrhea kill? Beware of diarrhea that can kill people

Diarrhea is the most common disease in summer and autumn. People do not cover their stomachs when sleeping, eat leftovers from the previous meal before they are warmed through, or eat more watermelon or drink some cold drinks. You'll get diarrhea if you're not careful. Because it is so common, many people relax their vigilance and even think that having diarrhea is healthier and can help them lose weight. Little did we know that diarrhea can be murderous, especially severe acute diarrhea, which can lead to death if not treated in time. According to statistics from the World Health Organization, the number of diarrhea cases in the world is as high as 4 billion every year, and the number of deaths due to acute diarrhea exceeds 10 million. Therefore, you should be wise and discern diarrhea carefully, and never underestimate the acute diarrhea that can kill people.

Four-year-old Binbin suddenly had diarrhea after taking a nap. His parents thought he had caught a cold, so they gave him oral anti-inflammatory drugs. However, Binbin did not get better after taking the medicine. Instead, he developed fever and even fainted from dehydration. His parents rushed him to the hospital. After examination, it was found that Binbin was suffering from viral diarrhea, which was almost life-threatening.

Medical experts say that general diarrhea such as indigestion and colds can often heal on their own within 1 to 2 days, but some diarrhea, such as bacterial, viral, infectious diarrhea, etc., will not heal on their own. It will heal, but if not treated in time, it may even lead to death in severe cases.

Bacterial poisoning diarrhea: bacterial growth is the culprit

Salmonella food poisoning

In summer, Salmonella easily contaminates food and multiplies in large numbers after entering the intestines, damaging the intestines. It enters the mucous membrane and enters the blood through the lymphatic system, causing bacteremia and systemic infection, releasing highly toxic endotoxins, and simultaneously damaging the intestinal mucosa and causing food poisoning.

Symptoms: The onset is relatively acute, often with symptoms such as nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting, followed by watery, foul-smelling diarrhea, occasionally with pus and blood, and stools ranging from several to dozens of times a day. The body temperature is between 38°C and 40°C. In severe cases, convulsions, acidosis, anuria, heart failure, and even coma may occur.

Prevention: Low-temperature refrigerated foods should be controlled below 5℃; processed cold meat and cooked meat must be separated from raw and cooked meat, the meat pieces should not be too large when cooking, and the deep temperature of the meat pieces must reach above 80℃; poultry eggs must be boiled for 10 minute. The patient's vomitus must be strictly disinfected.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning

It is caused by eating food contaminated with this bacteria, mostly pickled products and seafood. This bacterium has an invasive effect and can cause intestinal swelling, congestion and intestinal fluid retention, leading to diarrhea.

Symptoms often occur suddenly, often starting with abdominal cramping, followed by vomiting and diarrhea quickly, often accompanied by dehydration, chills and fever, with several to ten bowel movements a day; yellow stools. Watery or yellow paste, about 1/4 of the cases were bloody or meat-washing watery. Severe vomiting and diarrhea may lead to dehydration and shock.

Be careful not to eat raw seafood and do not buy barbecued seafood; pay attention to whether the seafood is clean and fresh, and whether it is heated, steamed and cooked thoroughly. Do not eat it if it has a peculiar smell or is undercooked; eat seafood with food Vinegar, grated ginger and raw garlic. In addition, leftovers and rice must be fully heated before eating.

Botulinum food poisoning

Botulinum toxin is a deadly bacteria that is commonly found in soil, cattle, sheep, and pig manure, and can also be attached to fruits, vegetables, and canned food They multiply in large quantities in meat products such as ham and ham, producing exotoxins and causing disease.

Symptoms: The onset is sudden, with headache, dizziness, general weakness, fatigue, etc., followed by symptoms of nerve paralysis, such as diplopia, strabismus, blurred vision, mydriasis, eyelid ptosis, etc. Severe cases may die from respiratory failure, heart failure or secondary pneumonia within 3 to 10 days of onset. When the disease occurs, the patient should lie down and keep breathing smoothly. If necessary, perform artificial respiration and send him to the hospital urgently.

Prevention: Any vacuum food and household pickled products should be boiled for 10 minutes before eating. Do not eat if there is a peculiar smell during heating; eat as little pickled products as possible; do not eat canned food if the lid swells; under 1 year old Babies should not drink honey water, because the baby's gastrointestinal tract is not acidic enough, which is conducive to the reproduction of botulinum toxin.

Viral diarrhea: Infants and young children “can’t afford to be hurt” the most

Common causes of diarrhea include rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, parvovirus, calicivirus, etc. . At present, the main viral pathogen detected in my country is rotavirus, which mostly affects infants and young children. It is mainly transmitted through the fecal-oral route, but can also be transmitted through the respiratory tract. Young children can be infected through contact with contaminated hands, toys and other items.

Symptoms: Children generally suffer from acute gastroenteritis symptoms after infection, that is, watery diarrhea, accompanied by fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. The diarrhea is mostly white rice soup-like or yellow-green egg pattern loose stools. , has a foul odor, and severe cases may lead to death due to dehydration and complications such as pneumonia and toxic myocarditis. In adults, the onset of infection is acute, with diarrhea (mainly watery stools, and the frequency of diarrhea is 5 to 10 times a day). Severe cases resemble cholera), abdominal distension, abdominal pain, nausea and other symptoms, and most patients do not have fever.

For prevention, pay attention to dietary hygiene, eat more fresh, easily digestible, high-calcium foods, drink more water, eat less high-fat foods, and eat less cold foods; pay attention to keeping warm; strengthen children's physical fitness, encourage breastfeeding, Develop good hygiene habits; take your children to public places less often; add or remove clothes for your children in a timely manner. The most effective preventive measure is rotavirus vaccination, which can effectively reduce or alleviate diarrhea symptoms.

E. coli food poisoning

After E. coli invades the intestinal tract, it mainly multiplies in large numbers in the duodenum, jejunum and upper ileum, causing diarrhea.

Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, severe abdominal pain and fever as the main symptoms. Among them, enterotoxigenic E. coli can cause diarrhea and even severe cholera-like symptoms in patients.

Prevent drinking tap water after boiling; avoid eating high-risk foods, such as unpasteurized milk, undercooked hamburgers, ground beef and other meat products; keep floors and kitchen utensils clean , dispose of garbage properly; keep your hands clean and trim your nails regularly.

Intestinal infectious diseases and diarrhea: wash hands before meals and after going to the toilet

Intestinal infectious diseases are a group of acute infectious diseases spread by food. If the patient takes the wrong medicine without a doctor's judgment, it will not only fail to stop diarrhea, but may also cause the pathogen to develop resistance and become a drug-resistant strain, making it more difficult to treat.

Cholera

Vibrio cholerae contaminates water and food, adheres to and settles in the small intestine, secretes exotoxins and causes pathological changes.

Symptoms are clinically characterized by sudden onset, severe diarrhea and vomiting, excretion of large amounts of rice swill-like intestinal contents, dehydration, muscle spasm, oliguria and anuria. Severe cases may cause death due to shock, uremia or acidosis.

Prevention: Improve the immunity level of the population and take oral vaccination; pay attention to hygiene and control the scope of transmission; drink tap water, do not drink raw water, and do not eat raw, cold, spoiled food, and raw or half-cooked aquatic products.

Typhoid fever

Whether the disease develops after typhoid bacilli infection is related to the number of bacteria, virulence, body immunity and other factors, such as hypochlorhydria, severe malnutrition, anemia, hypoalbuminemia Symptoms, etc. are also factors causing the onset of typhoid fever.

Symptoms: Most symptoms start slowly, with body temperature rising in a ladder-like manner, often accompanied by symptoms such as general malaise, fatigue, loss of appetite, and abdominal discomfort. The high fever gradually subsides in about two weeks. In the second week of illness, some light red rashes will appear on the patient's body, and the spleen will be enlarged. Severe cases may also become confused, restless, talk nonsense, etc. In the later stages, intestinal bleeding or intestinal perforation may occur.

Prevention Susceptible populations in endemic areas can be vaccinated against typhoid fever. Pay attention to getting rid of flies in your daily life, wash your hands before meals and after going to the toilet, and avoid eating raw water and unclean food.

Bacillary dysentery

Shigella dysenteriae is excreted with the patient’s feces and can survive on fruits, vegetables and pollutants for 1 to 2 weeks, or it can contaminate food, daily necessities or hands through flies , infecting people by mouth. This disease can occur throughout the year, but summer and autumn are conducive to fly breeding and bacterial reproduction, and people like to eat raw and cold foods, so it is more common.

Symptoms include purulent inflammation of the colon as the main lesion, accompanied by symptoms of systemic poisoning. The main clinical manifestations are fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, tenesmus, and mucus-pus-bloody stools. In severe cases, septic shock and (or ) toxic encephalopathy.

Prevention: Oral live dysentery vaccine can produce local protective antibodies, and immunity can last for 6 to 12 months. Drink boiled water instead of raw water; wash fruits, vegetables, dishes and chopsticks with sterilized water and rinse your mouth; wash your hands before meals and after going to the toilet, and do not defecate anywhere; eat cooked food instead of cold dishes, and reheat leftovers before eating them; do this Separate raw and cooked food to prevent flies from biting and crawling on the food.