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What are the basic methods of collecting data for social survey research?

Comprehensive exercises

Chapter 1 Introduction

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. The object of social survey research is social phenomena, social problems, social conditions, social conflicts and many other issues.

2. As a system, social survey research includes the following stages: first, selecting the topic; second, designing the research plan; third, collecting data; fourth The first is to organize and analyze the data; the fifth is to interpret the survey results and test the survey conclusions.

3. The theoretical basis of social survey research methods mainly includes philosophical theoretical basis and specific scientific principles.

4 .The basic principles that social survey research should follow are: the principle of objectivity, the principle of scientificity and the principle of systematicity.

2. Glossary questions

1. Social survey research methods: refers to The science of the overall theory, principles, methods and methods of social survey research, or in other words, a science of how to conduct social survey research.

2. System: refers to the internal and external factors constituting things that mutually restrict each other and interact with each other. The organic wholeness of existence and combination.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the characteristics of contemporary social survey research methods?

(1) About social survey The theoretical research on research and methods is more extensive and profound.

(2) The research results of many emerging sciences are applied to social survey research, making social survey research methods more complete and scientific.

(3) Various methods penetrate each other and learn from each other's strengths, making the specific methods of social survey more complete and scientific, greatly improving the reliability and validity of survey research.

(4) In order to make the society To reduce the subjective will component in survey research, it is necessary to combine qualitative and quantitative research.

(5) The use of modern scientific and technological tools has unprecedentedly improved the efficiency of social survey research.

2. What are the basic requirements for adhering to the principle of objectivity in social survey research?

(1) Start from the specific situation.

(2) Understand the differences and changes in things, Grasp the specific time, space and other conditions in which things exist.

(3) Fully possess objective data, and explore the laws of the development of things after repeated studies.

(4) Specific issues need to be analyzed in detail.

3. What are the systematic principles in social survey research?

(1) Pay attention to the integrity of the object.

(2) The boundaries of the system should be clearly defined.

(3) Pay attention to the internal structure and external connections of the system.

(4) Pay attention to the whole process Hierarchical and sequential, the development process of the system is regarded as a process consistent with natural history.

(5) Pay attention to the self-regulation of the system and the balanced adaptation function with the external environment.

4. What are the functions of social survey research?

(1) It is an important means of understanding the real society.

(2) It provides objective basis for correct policy formulation.

(3) Mastering social survey and research methods is the basic quality and professional ability that state agency staff should possess.

Chapter 2 Basic Principles of Social Survey and Research

1 , Fill in the blanks

1. Society has three basic elements: natural environment, population, and culture.

2. Population composition is generally divided into two aspects: population composition and population process.

3. According to the regional scope, the objects of social survey research mainly include individuals, primary groups, organizations, classes, ethnic groups, communities, etc. in society.

4. According to the social survey According to the purpose of research, survey types can be divided into three types: descriptive research, explanatory research and predictive research.

5. Descriptive research is the basic research of social survey research.

6. Interpretative research is a survey research with the purpose of exploring the logical relationship between social status quo.

7. Social surveys can be divided into two types according to time sequence: horizontal research and longitudinal research.

8. Social surveys are conducted according to the nature of the research

It can be divided into two types: qualitative research and quantitative research.

9. Social surveys can be divided into three types: comprehensive survey, sample survey and case survey according to the number of objects.

10. Classification, ordering, distance and ratio variables are four types of variables that describe and measure social phenomena. The lowest level is classification.

11. Operation of concepts or propositions Operationalization is a quantitative research method.

12. Operationalization is a necessary stage for modern social survey research methods.

13. Reliability can be analyzed from two aspects , one is the reliability of the survey means, and the other is the reliability of the data obtained.

14. Reliability and validity are two important conditions for judging survey methods and means.

2. Glossary questions

1. Social organization: It is a social entity formed by people through direct or indirect relationships and according to certain principles in order to achieve specific goals.

2. Class: refers to the stratification of people of the same economic status based on differences in their occupation, income and social status.

3. Community: refers to the stratification of people living in the same A social entity that combines people in a region.

4. Qualitative research: It is based on existing literature or experience materials on a certain social phenomenon, using deduction, induction, classification, and contradiction analysis. and other methods, a type of research on something.

5. Quantitative research: It is the use of probability and statistical principles to study the quantitative characteristics, quantitative relationships of social phenomena, and quantitative changes in the development process of things. Research conducted in various aspects.

6. Comprehensive survey: Refers to a one-by-one survey of all research subjects.

7. Sample survey: Refers to a comprehensive survey from the overall survey subjects Among them, a part of the units are randomly selected as representatives of the whole for investigation, and the results of the sampling investigation are used as a type of investigation to infer the overall situation.

8. Case investigation: It is within the scope of all research objects A type of investigation that selects individual research objects for investigation.

9. Ordinal variables: Refers to the values ??of variables (i.e. variable values), in addition to categorical attributes, there are also differences in levels or orders. All variables that are differentiated in level or order are ordinal variables.

10. Operationalization: refers to the gradual decomposition of abstract concepts and propositions into measurable indicators and measurable indicators in social survey research. The process of testing propositions based on actual survey data.

11. Reliability: refers to the reliability and authenticity of the methods used in the survey and the data obtained.

12. Validity : Refers to the effectiveness of investigation methods, means and investigation results.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the main contents of human socialization?

(1) Moral socialization, that is, people must learn and adapt to social norms on human relations and other norms, and internalize them into conscious behaviors.

(2) Gender socialization, that is, men and women according to social regulations Everyone demands to control their own behavior.

(3) Political socialization, that is, the process in which individuals obtain the right to participate in government and political life.

(4) National socialization, That is, in order for an individual to become this nation, he must have national consciousness and accept the process of national culture.

2. What are the unique characteristics of social organizations?

(1) Have a fixed goals.

(2) Have more complex social relationships.

(3) Have stricter norms.

(4) Have more stability structure.

3. What are the advantages of qualitative research?

(1) Typical survey methods are often used to obtain information, and conclusions are drawn based on this as the main basis.

(2) The essential characteristics and elements can be explored from complex things, and conclusions can be drawn from individual and typical materials.

(3) The conclusions drawn are mostly general. Or overview.

4. What are the characteristics of quantitative research?

(1) In terms of field data collection, quantitative research emphasizes the use of sampling techniques to select samples.

(2) In the study of samples, quantitative research uses variables, operationalization, hypotheses, and tests

and other methods to conduct quantitative research on some social phenomena.

(3) Quantitative research is to provide quantitative explanations for understanding the different properties of social phenomena, to understand the nature of things through quantitative research, or through quantitative analysis Understand the quantitative relationship between various elements of a certain social phenomenon.

5. Briefly describe the status of propositions in social investigation and research.

(1) Propositions are the starting point of investigation and research. It stipulates the direction of the investigation and research.

(2) Specifies the scope of data collection.

(3) Scientifically and accurately expresses the main ideas or concepts of the investigation and research.

6. Under what circumstances must preliminary assumptions be made?

(1) When the scope of the investigation and research is relatively narrow, and the investigation and research questions are more in-depth and specialized.

(2) In some explanatory surveys and predictive surveys, hypotheses should be made.

(3) When the content of the survey is relatively complex and the existing data and phenomena are unclear, assumptions should also be made. Make hypotheses.

7. Briefly describe the role of operationalization.

(1) It can make concepts or propositions concrete and enable investigation and research to be carried out.

(2) It can quantify concepts or propositions and analyze social phenomena from both qualitative and quantitative aspects, avoiding one-sided analysis.

(3) The analysis of social phenomena is based on quantity. , which can avoid subjective assumptions in qualitative analysis.

8. What are the main factors that affect the reliability of data?

(1) Problems with the investigators themselves. For example, lack of understanding of the survey methods They don’t know much about it, or the investigation is not in-depth and detailed, or they lack a pragmatic attitude; they search for materials within a certain framework, or even fabricate the materials artificially.

(2) There are problems with the methods and means used in the investigation. For example , the quality of the investigation plan and method design is poor, the language expression is unclear, etc.

(3) The respondent adopts an uncooperative attitude towards the investigation due to various reasons.

(4) ) When conducting the survey, the environment had an adverse impact on the respondents, and negligence and bias occurred during the data processing.

Chapter 3 Procedures for Social Survey Research

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. The proposal of the topic is the starting point of social survey research and the first step of survey research.

2. The selection of social survey research topics is based on social needs.

3. Survey research types can be divided into: descriptive survey, comparative survey, causal explanation survey, evaluation survey, etc.

4. The statement form of survey research purpose is: Conditional, differential, etc.

5. The organizational forms of social survey research generally include: investigation committee, leading group, office, research group, etc.

2. Glossary questions

1. Descriptive investigation: refers to a type of investigation that reflects the history and current situation of objective things through investigation.

2. Comparative investigation: refers to comparing the research object with other things or A type of investigation and research that compares differences between similar things to understand the attributes of the research object.

3. Causal explanation investigation: refers to a type of investigation and research that studies the interaction and causal relationship between internal and external factors of the object being investigated.

4. Evaluative investigation: refers to a type of investigation and research that derives the social value attributes of the things being studied.

3. Questions and Answers

1 .What are the situations in which a topic is proposed from a theoretical perspective?

(1) Re-verify the correctness of a proven theory and select a topic for research.

(2) Research on a certain A theory is used as a supplementary argument to select a topic for research.

(3) To prove the scope of application of a certain theory, select a topic for research.

(4) To cast doubt on the original theory, in order to Deny or partially deny this theory and select a topic for research.

(5) Make a theoretical summary and answer to social practice.

2. Select an applied research topic, What are the situations in general?

(1) To conduct investigation and research in order to formulate policies.

(2) In order to understand the basic situation, existing problems and developments of things

Conduct investigation and research on development trends.

(3) Conduct investigation and research in order to formulate plans or plans.

(4) Conduct investigation and research in order to summarize and evaluate work.

3. What are the influencing factors in determining the topic?

(1) The determination of the topic depends on various needs of society.

(2) The realization of the topic must be considered possibility. Including subjective conditions and objective conditions.

(3) The scope of the project must be considered.

(4) The size of the project results must be considered.

4. Briefly describe the general methods of exploratory research.

(1) Review literature.

(2) Consulting activities.

(3 ) Study several inspiring examples.

Chapter 4 Comprehensive and non-comprehensive surveys

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. In a comprehensive survey, It can be divided into one-time census and regular survey according to the number and cycle of the survey.

2. In the non-comprehensive survey, it can be divided into key survey and typical survey according to the different survey units selected among the surveyed objects. and sample surveys.

3. Statistical reports are divided into two categories: basic national economic statistical reports and departmental statistical reports.

4. The basic requirements for regular surveys are: accurate, timely, and Comprehensive and systematic.

5. Information systems can usually be divided into three categories: national information systems, professional information systems, and local information systems.

6. From In essence, a typical investigation is a sample investigation.

7. The steps of case investigation can generally be divided into four stages: case filing, data collection, diagnosis, and treatment.

2 , term explanation questions

1. Census: refers to a one-time comprehensive survey specially organized for a specific purpose, and is an important means of surveying national conditions and strength.

2. Regular surveys: Refers to a regular and continuous survey conducted through regular reports based on daily registration and accounting data.

3. Typical survey: Refers to a comprehensive analysis of the research object based on the purpose of the survey. On the basis of this, consciously select a number of representative units to conduct in-depth and detailed investigations to explore their inherent regularities, and then use the investigation results of representative typical units to deduce the overall situation.

4. Sampling survey: refers to a survey method that uses scientific principles and calculations to randomly select some individual units from all individual units of the subject to be studied for investigation, obtain data, and use it to deduce the characteristics of the overall unit.

5. Simple random sampling: refers to a method that arbitrarily selects a predetermined number of units as samples from all the overall units without any selection or processing in advance, leaving them in their natural positions.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the characteristics of the census?

(1) It is extremely time-sensitive.

(2) The survey data is comprehensive, but not in-depth and detailed enough.

(3) It consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and funds.

2. What are the organizational principles of the census?

(1) The survey time of the census must be unified Regulations.

(2) The investigation period should not be too long.

(3) Once the investigation items are uniformly stipulated, they shall not be arbitrarily changed, increased or decreased.

(4 ) In order to ensure continuity and comparability of data, censuses should be held regularly to facilitate analysis.

3. What advantages should a better information system have?

(1) Applicability. That is, adapting to the needs of users.

(2) Accuracy. Can accurately provide the information required by users.

(3) Rapidity. Can timely Provide the information users need.

(4) Economy. The cost of establishing a system and obtaining the required information should be the least.

(5) Extensive use. Readers can obtain a variety of information from the information system.

(6) Extensibility. The information system should be able to continuously extend and expand, so that the latest information can continue to enter it.

4. What are the characteristics of a typical investigation?

(1) In essence, the typical survey is a sample selection survey.

(2) In terms of the number of selections, the typical survey is a small survey.

(3) From the perspective of the number of selections, Looking at the specific method of investigation, typical investigation is a method of dissecting a sparrow.

(4) Judging from the survey results, typical investigation is a research method that focuses on qualitative analysis.

5. What are the limitations of typical surveys?

(1) Easily interfered by human subjective factors.

(2) Lack of scientific quantitative analysis methods.

(3) The overall scope represented and the scope of application of the investigation conclusions are not easy to unify.

(4) Only applicable to objects with strong homogeneity.

6 .What are the characteristics of sample survey?

(1) Select sample units from the population according to the random principle.

(2) Estimate the quantitative characteristics of the population based on sample data.

(3) The sampling error of sampling estimates can be calculated in advance and controlled.

7. What issues should be paid attention to when classifying types when classifying types?

(1) Classification of types To be scientific, there should be clear boundaries between types.

(2) The number of types should not be too large to avoid losing the characteristics of the type.

(3) It is necessary to know the characteristics of each type The number of units in order to determine the number of sample units drawn from each category.

Chapter 5 Questionnaire Survey Method

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. The questionnaire survey method has two characteristics: first, it has a wide range of use, and second, it is conducive to quantitative statistical analysis.

2. The basic components of the questionnaire are: questionnaire title, survey and form-filling explanation letter, and main content , survey implementation records and other four parts.

3. There are three types of questionnaire statements, namely direct questions, indirect questions and hypothetical questions.

4. How to answer questionnaire questions There are two types: open-ended and closed-ended responses.

5. Usually in large-scale surveys, the formal questionnaires are generally based on closed-ended questions, supplemented by open-ended questions.

2. Glossary questions

1. Questionnaire survey method: refers to a survey that uses mailing, direct inquiry, etc., questions designed according to the purpose of the survey, and statistical analysis is conducted to draw conclusions based on the responses of the survey respondents. Research method.

2. Survey explanation letter: refers to a concise text message sent to the filler on the questionnaire. The purpose is to explain the purpose, content and requirements of the survey and eliminate the other party's concerns and tensions. , strive for the support and cooperation of the respondents.

3. Open-ended answer: means that the designer does not provide specific answers for the respondents to choose, but the respondents give free answers without scope control.

4. Closed answer: means that the questionnaire asks questions and also provides a certain range of answers for the respondent to choose from, and the respondent can choose from them according to his or her own situation.

3. Questions and Answers Questions

1. What types of questions can be divided into in terms of content?

(1) Questions about facts. Such as: age, gender, occupation, etc.

(2) Questions about behavior.

(3) Questions about causes or reasons.

(4) Questions about attitudes or emotions.

(5) Issues about the environment.

2. What should be recorded during the implementation of the investigation?

(1) Some important information found during the investigation for reference and questions.

(2) Effect evaluation after the visit.

(3) Items that need further review and correction found after investigation and review.

3 .What issues should be paid attention to when designing the statements of the questionnaire?

(1) It must be designed around the theme of the survey.

(2) The concepts used in the statements should be clear and specific, and try to avoid using Abstract concepts or concepts with multiple meanings.

(3) Concepts that cause ambiguity between the investigator and the subject of the investigation must be eliminated, while causing different understandings of the same concept.

4. What technical processing should be done to sensitive issues in the questionnaire survey?

(1) Asking questions can assume that sensitive questions have multiple answer forms, so that the respondent can give up some concerns.

(2) Downplay the sensitivity and point out that certain behaviors, attitudes or concepts bring It is universal.

(3) Address lower social classes and professions in a respectful tone.

5. What principles should be followed when formulating a questionnaire?

(1) Ask easy-to-answer questions first.

(2) Sensitive questions should be placed at the end of the questionnaire.

(3) Open-ended questions should be placed in the questionnaire at the end.

(4) Arrange the questions in a certain logical order.

(5) Sometimes in order to help the respondent recall and associate, you can ask some enlightening questions first .

(6) Try to make the questionnaire as diverse and vivid as possible in terms of question form, length, and answer methods.

Chapter 6 Interview Method

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. General interviews are also called preliminary interviews. This type of interview has a complete interview outline and the purpose is to verify a hypothesis theory or policy.

2. In-depth interviews hope to discover some new elements, and this type of interviews is mainly suitable for exploratory research.

3. The main characteristics of the interview method are: strong flexibility, wide application range, high response rate, and relatively controllable Qiang et al.

4. Implementing individual interviews can be roughly divided into four steps: meeting, establishing rapport, formal interview, and saying goodbye.

2. Glossary questions

1. Interview method: It is a method in which the investigator collects and provides research information through oral interviews with the respondents.

2. Interview technique: refers to when conducting interviews, Use the most appropriate and effective way to gain the trust and cooperation of the interviewees to obtain authentic and credible information.

3. Questions and Answers

1. Conduct collective interview collection What issues should be paid attention to when collecting data?

(1) Participants should be selected to be multi-level and multi-faceted.

(2) Participants should be The number of people should not be too large, generally 7-8 people are suitable.

(3) Pay attention to creating an atmosphere for the interview, so that the interviewee can gradually move from a relaxed chat to the main topic.

( 4) Pay attention to controlling the mutual influence and direction of interviewers.

2. What are the shortcomings of the interview method?

(1) Interviews are time-consuming and labor-intensive and cannot be conducted on a large scale.

(2) Both the interviewer and the interviewee may have biases and errors during the interview.

(3) Often affected by various environmental factors.

3. How to establish a harmonious relationship with the interviewee?

(1) Discover the interviewee’s strengths.

(2) Sincerely care for the interviewee.

(3) Use the things that the interviewee is concerned about as the topic.

4. What issues should be paid attention to in structured interviews?

(1) Use unified Interview outline.

(2) Ask questions in order.

(3) Always adopt a fair and impartial attitude.

(4) Try to complete it in one go.

5. What moral qualities should the interviewer possess?

(1) Honesty and meticulous spirit.

( 2) Strong interest and strong adaptability.

(3) Cheerful personality and diligent work attitude.

6. What are the reasons why the interviewee is unwilling to cooperate?

(1) The interviewee is confused and does not understand the interview.

(2) The interviewee is not interested in the content of the interview.

(3 ) The interviewee has no time to accept the interview.

Chapter 7 Observation Method

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. Divided from the researcher’s observation method, Observation can be divided into two types: structured observation and unstructured observation.

2. From the perspective of the role played by the researcher in the observation, observation can be divided into participant observation and non-participant observation.

3. The basic principles of the observation method are: the all-round principle and the principle of truthfulness.

4. The procedure of structured observation includes three stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage and the inspection stage.

2. Glossary questions

1. Social observation: refers to the method of purposefully collecting various behavioral data of people using sensory or auxiliary tools.

2. Unstructured Observation method: means that the researcher does not design observation items in advance, nor does he specifically explore a certain behavior, but observes and records all events that occur in and around the research object.

3. Structured Observation method: means that the observer sets the activities and behaviors to be observed before observing, and develops a strict observation record form based on the preset reflection types.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What characteristics should scientific observation have?

(1) It has a research purpose.

(2) Observation under the guidance of a certain theory.

(3) Scientific observation is the objective observation of the physical world.

2. How can we reduce human subjective observation errors?

(1) Pay close attention to various details, Make detailed observation records.

(2) Determine the scope and do not miss accidental events.

(3) Actively use your brain to strengthen the connection with theory.

3. What are the limitations of the observation method?

(1) It is difficult for researchers to control environmental factors.

(2) Only a small number of indicators can be expressed in quantities, and a large number of Observation data is difficult to quantify.

(3) The sample of observation research is relatively small.

(4) It is difficult for observers to enter the observation environment and get close to the observation object.

4. What skills should be mastered in participant observation?

(1) Eliminate the alertness of the observed subjects.

(2) Respect and comply with the customs, habits and moral norms of the observed subjects and lifestyle.

(3) Live with the objects of observation and participate in their various activities.

(4) Participate in group activities and individual contact .

(5) Provide help to the observed to enhance mutual assistance.

Chapter 8 Documentation Method

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. From the source of the literature, the literature includes: private documents, official documents, and promotional materials.

2. The method of literature research can be divided into qualitative literature analysis and quantitative literature analysis. There are two major types of literature content analysis.

3. The general steps of qualitative literature research are: document excerpts, analysis of the relationship between literature materials and research topics, and description of the topic.

2. Explanation of terms Question

1. Documentation method: refers to a method of finding data worth studying from various types of reports, statements and other written materials.

2. Direct documentation: generally called the first Second-hand materials are written by people who are directly involved in or in contact with social events or behaviors.

3. Indirect documents: refer to second-hand materials that have changed hands and are not written by people who are directly involved in or contacted by the events. Rather, it is based on eyewitness accounts or reports, articles, etc. written after reading first-hand information.

4. Structured literature research: refers to a pre-designed organizational method and research outline, and through the review of the literature A research method that purposefully quantifies the data involved and verifies the original theoretical assumptions (viewpoints).

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the advantages of literature research?

(1) It can avoid any influence of the researcher on the survey subjects.

(2) A larger sample can be used.

(3) The obtained The quality of the data is high and the cost is low.

2. What are the characteristics of qualitative research on the literature?

(1) Focus on case studies of the literature and place less emphasis on the sample size of the literature used. and completeness.

(2) Pay attention to the motivation and influence of the author of the document, rather than paying too much attention to the expression form of the content.

(3) Have certain flexibility in method , so the effectiveness of the analysis is relatively strong.

Chapter 9

Pilot survey method

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. The pilot survey method has the characteristics of practicality, representativeness, dynamics and comprehensiveness.

2. According to whether the means of the pilot directly affect the object being studied, the pilot can be divided into direct pilot and model pilot.

3. According to the pilot environment, the pilot can be divided into laboratory pilot and field pilot.

2. Glossary questions

1. Pilot survey method: refers to a period of continuous survey based on a representative base point in order to gain experience in implementing a certain policy or program. Systematically collect and accumulate first-hand information, and purposefully and consciously understand the nature of the pilot objects and their development patterns through practical activities that change certain social environments, so as to guide the investigation methods of comprehensive work.

2. Parallel pilot: Also called controlled pilot, it refers to a pilot method that has both a pilot group and a control group or control group.

3. Continuous pilot: refers to the same research subjects at different times. A pilot method that conducts observations or measurements to test hypotheses.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the preparations before the pilot?

( 1) Determine the pilot purpose and pilot topics.

(2) Establish pilot hypotheses.

(3) Conduct pilot design.

(4) Select pilot objects and complete pilot environment.

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the pilot survey method?

Advantages: (1) It can directly reveal or establish the causal relationship between things. ( 2) It is conducive to exploring specific ways and methods to solve social problems.

Disadvantages: (1) It is difficult to select fully representative pilot objects and pilot environments. (2) In on-site pilots, it is impossible to exclude Interference of non-pilot factors on the pilot process.

Chapter 10 Meeting Survey Methods

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. Different ways of conducting surveys according to the investigators , Meeting investigation can be divided into attendance type, special holding type, and incidental type.

2. The characteristics of the meeting investigation method are: strong flexibility, high effectiveness, strong comprehensiveness, and strong controllability. .

3. Meeting investigation methods should follow the principles of rigor, flexibility and economy.

2. Glossary questions

1. Meeting investigation Method: refers to an investigation method in which the investigator convenes a meeting with a certain number of relevant survey subjects, or directly participates in meetings of relevant departments, and uses the form of meetings to collect information, analyze and study a certain social phenomenon.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the functions of the meeting survey method?

(1) It can speed up the speed of information feedback and improve the efficiency of the survey.

(2) It enables the survey objects to reflect the situation in a concentrated, objective and concrete manner, ensuring the reliability and comprehensiveness of the survey.

(3) It is effective in improving the survey methods and enhancing the reliability and validity of the survey. Format.

2. What does the organization of the meeting generally include?

(1) Determine the standard requirements for people to attend the survey meeting, the size and frequency of the meetings, and the meeting organizers.

(2) Determine the time and place for the investigation meeting, and arrange the venue.

(3) Determine the list of persons attending the investigation meeting.

(4) Determine the host of the meeting.

Chapter 11: Compilation of data

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. Reliability review generally checks the consistency of the data , stability and credibility to determine the authenticity of the data.

2. Commonly used data reliability testing methods include: empirical method, logical method and data source inspection method.

3. Commonly used methods for processing historical data include conversion method, adjustment method, extrapolation method and regrouping method.

2. Terminology questions

1. Data organization: refers to the analysis of data according to social The purpose of the survey is the process of scientifically classifying, grouping, summarizing and reprocessing the original or secondary data obtained from the social survey.

2. Compilation: refers to the classification of the primary data or secondary data obtained according to the purpose and requirements of the survey. Compile and edit data,

Make it a systematic and complete material that can reflect the objective situation of the survey object.

3. Questions and Answers

1. Briefly describe the significance of data collection.

(1) It is a comprehensive inspection and further deepening of the quality of social survey work.

(2) It is the beginning of scientific analysis of social survey data.

(3) It is the social survey The need to accumulate data.

Chapter 12 Analysis of Survey Data

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. Qualitative analysis is the analysis of matter. Analysis to determine whether the research object has a certain nature.

2. The basic contents of qualitative analysis mainly include identification of attributes, element analysis and classification.

3. Theoretical analysis Commonly used methods include causal analysis, dialectical analysis, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, etc.

2. Glossary questions

1. Correlation coefficient: refers to the indicator variable The quantity of the close relationship between them.

2. Regression analysis: refers to finding appropriate mathematical expressions based on a large amount of data for correlated variables to approximately express the average change relationship between variables. , and then make inferences and predictions.

3. Induction method: refers to deriving general things from individual things. It is a method of forming general theoretical understanding from a large number of individual facts.

3. Questions and Answers

1. What are the main contents of qualitative analysis in the data analysis stage?

(1) Clarify the connotation and extension of the analysis concept.

(2) Organize and classify the survey data for quantitative analysis.

(3) Verify whether the initially formulated research hypotheses and theoretical models are tenable from a qualitative perspective.

Chapter 13 Writing of Investigation Report

1. Fill-in-the-blank questions

1. Writing an investigation report is the last stage of social investigation and research, and it is also a matter of truthfully reflecting, recording, and describing objective reality The main stages of the investigation.

2. Depending on the nature of the investigation, investigation reports can be divided into narrative investigation reports and analytical investigation reports.

3. The general procedure for writing investigation reports includes determining Five steps: theme, selecting materials, formulating an outline, writing the report and revising the final draft.

2. Questions and Answers

1. What issues should be paid attention to when determining the theme of the investigation report?

(1) The theme of the investigation report must be consistent with the theme of the investigation.

(2) The viewpoint must be established and the theme re-examined based on the results of the investigation and analysis.

( 3) The topic of the investigation report should not be too large.

2. What issues should be paid attention to when selecting investigation materials when writing an investigation report?

(1) The information must be sufficient and complete.

(2) Materials must be screened according to the needs of the topic.

(3) When the amount of survey data is large, materials must be selected before material analysis.