Research on Mobile Information Service Mode and Key Technologies of Geoscience Professional Library

(Information Technology Room of China Geological Library)

The influence of mobile informatization is gradually prominent, and the development of digital library is gradually turning to the field of mobile informatization. Mobile information service expands the service mode of library and will greatly improve the utilization efficiency of literature resources. This paper mainly introduces the concept of mobile digital library, the service mode of professional literature institutions to carry out mobile information service and the key technical problems involved.

Keywords: professional literature institutions, mobile digital library, mobile information service mode

Introduction to 0

According to the 29th Survey Report on Internet Development in China released by China Internet Information Center (CNNIC), by the end of February, the number of netizens in China had reached 511300 million, among which the number of mobile phone netizens reached 356 million, accounting for 69.3% of the total number of netizens. The increase in the number of mobile phone users has played an important role in promoting the development of library information services, and it is imperative for library information services to shift to the field of mobile information services. Library mobile information service is the development direction of library personalized information service. With the increasing popularity of the third-generation mobile communication technology (3G) and the deepening of the research and development of the fourth-generation mobile communication technology (4G), the continuous updating and expansion of mobile terminal services and the continuous enrichment and wide application of mobile terminal equipment are bound to bring profound changes and influences to the information services provided by libraries, and the mobile digital library is the concrete embodiment of this change and influence.

1 the concept and characteristics of mobile digital library

1. 1 concept

As a brand-new service of modern digital library information service, mobile digital library refers to a new type of library information service that relies on mature wireless mobile network, Internet and multimedia technology, so that people are not limited by time, place and space, and use various mobile devices (such as smart phones, tablet computers, e-books, notebooks, etc.) to query, browse and obtain library book information conveniently and flexibly. ).

The purpose of building a mobile digital library is to eliminate people's dependence on the environment when using the digital library, so that users can get the same service at different times, places and devices.

1.2 function

Mobile digital library is a branch of digital library, which has the general characteristics of digital library, but also has the characteristics of mobility. The characteristic of this kind of "mobility" is that users will enjoy various services provided by the library more conveniently and easily.

2 Library mobile information service model and key technologies

2. 1 Mobile information service mode

Mobile information service is an extension of traditional information service, and its service mode is very different from traditional information service mode. In recent years, the library community is constantly exploring the mode or mode of mobile information service. This paper summarizes the following mobile information service modes which are widely used or have good development prospects.

2. 1. 1 SMS service

Mobile phone short message service is a mature mobile communication technology, so it has been widely used in the process of providing mobile information service in libraries. The services embedded with SMS [1] mainly include: ① SMS notification. The library's literature borrowing is usually about to expire or overdue, and the use of SMS notification can better promote the return of literature and ensure the reasonable and effective circulation of literature. By using SMS notification, the library can also send readers the latest bibliographic information or the latest electronic resource information according to their different needs, so as to increase readers' attention to the collected literature resources. In addition, the library can also send readers the latest announcements or notices of the library through short message service. ② SMS query. Readers can get the information of the required documents or the documents that have been reserved successfully by sending them to the library through the convenient short message inquiry instruction. Readers can also get the information of the total number of documents borrowed, the expiration time and the reservation status through the short message inquiry service. ③ SMS consultation. Readers can send consultation requests about library resources or services through short messages, and the library short message management system will automatically send standard short messages to readers. The consulting librarian can also send the consulting results to readers through SMS.

With the continuous maturity of mobile communication technology, the form of short message service has been expanding in recent years, and MMS and mobile newspaper services have also begun to enter mobile information services. The library regularly edits the contents of graphic briefings, such as the monthly circulation report of documents including book cover and circulation ranking, and the weekly report of geological public opinion including key statistical map information, and sends them to users in the form of multimedia messages or mobile newspapers. This service saves the time for users to obtain information, and also achieves the effect of promoting their own services.

With its low price, low construction cost and obvious service effect, SMS is still one of the main modes of providing mobile information services in libraries.

2. 1.2 WAP website service

WAP is a wireless application communication protocol (WAP), which can greatly reduce the amount of data transmitted in the process of wireless communication and present it on the screen of the user's wireless terminal in a friendly way. In 1990s, due to the narrow bandwidth and high cost of mobile communication network, WAP technology became the main service mode of mobile information service, and all major libraries launched their own WAP portal services.

The services provided by WAP website mainly refer to the services provided by library portal website on the Web, which usually include library information publishing, bibliographic information inquiry connected with mobile OPAC, literature reservation or renewal, etc. Because the service content of WAP is limited to mobile phone browser, many rich interactive functions cannot be well realized with it, and the technical development cost of WAP service is also high.

WAP website service used to be the main breakthrough for libraries to provide mobile information services to the outside world, and it is still one of the important ways for libraries to provide mobile information services.

2. 1.3 mobile OPAC service

Mobile OPAC is the mobilization of Web OPAC services, and OPAC service providers in libraries provide mobile service solutions for their own OPAC services, so libraries can migrate services such as document query originally limited to the Web to readers' mobile terminals. Through the mobile OPAC service, readers can obtain services such as document catalog query, document expiration reminder, document reservation and renewal on the mobile terminal. At present, most mobile OPAC systems are externally connected through API, so most of them are placed as an embedded service on the WAP website of the library or in mobile applications. For the geoscience professional library, the mobile OPAC service enables people to conveniently query more needed geoscience literature catalogues through mobile devices.

2. 1.4 mobile application services

Applications are also evolving. With the maturity of mobile operating systems running on mobile terminal devices, the development and application of mobile operating systems based on major manufacturers have been extremely hot in recent years. A mobile application is an application running on a mobile operating system. It has an independent operation interface and functions, aiming at realizing a service or a series of services. It is the embodiment of traditional Web application on the mobile side, which is commonly called app. Mobile applications are gradually changing people's original habits of using Web applications, making it easier for people to obtain the service effect equivalent to Web through mobile devices.

In recent two years, several large libraries and library service providers in China have tried to launch their own mobile applications, including the library service portal application integrated with mobile OPAC, the mobile reading bookstore application for digital reading, and the featured literature service application.

Because of its good user interaction and complete functions, mobile application is gradually becoming one of the important modes for libraries to provide mobile information services. More and more libraries and library solution providers have increased their research and development efforts and launched some excellent mobile applications. For example, the mobile application of Shanghai Library launched by Shanghai Library and the handheld library application developed by Nanjing Huiwen Company. Figure 1 shows the effect of mobile application on iOS platform launched by Shanghai Library when retrieving books.

Figure 1 Shanghai Library Mobile Application

2.2 Key technologies of mobile information services

The mobile information service provided by the library involves an important link that cannot be ignored, that is, the key technology related to mobile information service, which is an important technical guarantee. The author summarizes the following key technologies related to the mobile information service mode of the library at present, and analyzes its important characteristics.

2.2. 1 WAP and WML

WML refers to wireless markup language. It is a markup language inherited from HTML, but WML is more strict than HTML because it is based on XML. WML is an implementation technology in WAP protocol, which is suitable for presenting adaptive web content on mobile terminals.

Websites developed by WAP specification can be quickly loaded on mobile terminals, while maintaining the use experience of web browsers. Therefore, WAP-based mobile websites have been widely used in mobile information services of major libraries. Libraries that provide WAP website access in China include National Library, National Science Library, Shenzhen Library, Tsinghua Library and Shanghai Library. When users access WAP websites through mobile terminals, they can conveniently check the library websites that are suitable for the screen resolution. Figure 2 shows the application effect of WAP website in a domestic university library.

Fig. 2 The effect diagram of WAP website in a university library.

2.2.2 Mobile Middleware

Mobile middleware technology is a new technology developed and integrated with network technology, communication technology, embedded operating system and middleware technology, and it is the key technology of current mobile data service, future 3G service and intelligent terminal value-added service. The key research contents of mobile middleware technology include: access management, multi-protocol access gateway, authentication service, connection management, synchronous/asynchronous data transmission service, security management, content service management and so on.

As a bridge between traditional applications and mobile clients, the working principle of mobile middleware is to mediate the communication information of traditional applications and present the content to users in a friendly way suitable for the screen presentation of mobile terminals. The development of mobile middleware has experienced a spiral development process. At present, with the increasing demand of mobile applications, the development of mobile middleware is very active, and many mature middleware products have appeared, including PhoneGap. With the acceleration of the mobile process of traditional applications, mobile middleware will continue to develop in the future.

2.2.3 Mobile operating system

Mobile phone operating system, commonly known as mobile phone operating system in China, refers to the operating system running on mobile terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers and PDA. It combines the characteristics of touch screen, cellular data, Bluetooth, WIFI, GPS, camera, voice recognition, near field communication and so on. At present, the mainstream mobile phone operating systems on the market include Google's Android, Apple's iOS, Microsoft's Windows Phone, RIM's BlackBerry OS and Nokia's Symbian. They each have their own characteristics. Table 1 is a comparison of the characteristics of the above-mentioned mainstream mobile phone operating systems.

Table 1 comparison table of characteristics of mainstream mobile phone operating systems

At present, Android mobile phone operating system is widely used and expanded because of its open source characteristics, and it is widely accepted by users while maintaining a high market share. However, with the increasing investment and technological innovation of manufacturers, the development trend of mobile phone operating system in the future remains to be seen.

2.2.4 mobile document format combined with DRM

Digital Rights Management (DRM) refers to all technologies used by intellectual property owners to control and regulate the legal storage of intellectual property digital products. Digital rights management is widely used in film, music, software and digital publishing industries, which has played a positive role in protecting the rights and interests of digital publication owners. Figure 3 shows how DRM works.

Figure 3 The working principle of digital rights management

Content providers first package digital resource content into file formats supported by DRM systems, and DRM systems provided by different DRM solution providers support different file formats. After consumers download the digital resource content or gain access to the digital resource content stream, they must request a valid license to use the digital resource content from the settlement center. After receiving the license request, the settlement center first verifies the identity of the user, for example, the user must provide his own digital signature, then deducts the fee from his account according to the user's application authority, issues the license, and finally provides the authorized digital content to the consumer.

The document format in the digital world, like books in the publishing world, is the concrete bearing form of document information, which determines the way in which document information is presented to users. Common document data formats are doc, TXT, PDF, PPT, Jpeg, etc. In order to meet the needs of mobile reading, the document format oriented to mobile information service has many new features compared with the traditional document format, such as screen adaptation, small data volume and fast rendering speed. Common document formats suitable for mobile information services are: EPUB, Kindle azw, Mobipocket mobi, PDF, HTML and DjVu. These data formats are owned by commercial companies, and gradually become industry norms, and there are also open data formats. They have their own characteristics, and Table 2 gives a comparison of the characteristics of the above-mentioned mainstream literature formats [4].

Table 2 Comparison Table of Characteristics of Mainstream Mobile Phone Operating Systems

Digital rights management has been controversial, and supporters and opponents are playing a game on whether digital resources should be provided free of charge. For libraries, before providing services to users, it is necessary to manage the digital rights of digital collections, because only by strengthening digital rights management can the rights and interests of all people be protected. Only digital resources managed by digital rights can effectively promote the sustainable and rational utilization of digital resources.

3 Geoscience Professional Library Mobile Information Service Countermeasures

There is not much difference between professional libraries and public libraries or university libraries in developing mobile information services, but professional libraries have their own characteristics and advantages in professional resources. According to their own characteristics and the needs of industry users, formulate corresponding countermeasures. According to my work experience and understanding of the construction of mobile information services, the author puts forward the following countermeasures:

First of all, we should make a five-year development plan for the construction of mobile digital library, involving construction content, progress, funds, organizational guarantee and so on.

Secondly, it is necessary to increase the clustering of geoscience literature information. Only by establishing a relatively complete geo-literature information cluster and having a solid foundation of digital resources can we promote the process of mobilization and industrialization of geo-literature information.

Thirdly, it is necessary to deeply study the regional service of geoscience documents and how to make better use of the regional characteristics of geoscience documents to carry out document information service. For example, LBS can be used for reference to mine and push relevant geographic document information around the current location for users.

Finally, it is necessary to strengthen the development of characteristic mobile applications, form products, and promote applications. Geoscience professional library is a public welfare organization that provides geoscience literature information services for the industry and the public. Service products are the key to reflect service value. Strengthening product research and development can provide users with more valuable services.

4 conclusion

With the increasing demand for users' mobility, the continuous development of mobile information technology and the continuous popularization and evolution of mobile terminals, the traditional information services provided by the library can no longer meet the needs of users. It is necessary to speed up the process of library mobility to reflect the value of library services.

On the technical level, the mobile information service mode provided by the library in the future will mainly be mobile applications, which will gradually cover the traditional application fields of the library. The competition of mobile phone operating system is becoming more and more fierce because of the increasing investment in technological innovation by major manufacturers, and the development of mobile terminal equipment will be upgraded and improved with the competition. But no matter what the result is, it is beneficial to users.

Mobile digital library has brought new elements to traditional library services, expanded the original functions of traditional libraries, and extended the connotation of library functions. In addition, the construction and popularization of mobile digital library has great practical significance. Professional literature institutions can develop corresponding mobile applications and provide their own mobile services by using appropriate mobile clients, thus providing greater convenience for users. Although there are still many technical difficulties and limitations, with the improvement of policy, the development of technology, the continuous exploration of operation mode and the increasing demand of users, the mobile digital library will become the first choice for future readers.

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