What is WAP Internet access and Monternet?

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)

It is a globally unified open protocol standard that provides Internet content and advanced value-added services to mobile terminals. It is a simplified wireless Internet protocol. WAP combines the Internet and mobile phone technology, making it a reality to access rich Internet resources anytime and anywhere. WAP service is a service that allows mobile phones to access the Internet directly and browse WAP sites through the mobile WAP "browser". You can enjoy a variety of application services such as news browsing, stock inquiries, email sending and receiving, online games, and chatting. Accessing WAP through the GPRS network can give full play to the advantages of short access delay (2 seconds access), high speed, always online, and convenient switching

WAP 1.2 is based on WML

WAP 2.0 uses WAP-oriented , this standard has received support from more than 200 companies. Ericsson, Nokia and Motorola are all initiators of WAP. Relatively speaking, in terms of understanding, WAP may be a wireless access protocol or directly called a wireless Internet protocol. It standardizes the browsing format and communication protocols of web pages, such as TCP/IP, etc. BlueTooth is also a wireless communication protocol, but BlueTooth standardizes more specific hardware and frequency applications.

WAP (Wireless Communication Protocol) is an open global standard for communication between digital mobile phones, the Internet or other personal digital assistants (PDAs), and computer applications. The birth of this standard is the result of the efforts of members of the WAP Forum, which was jointly formed in June 1997 by Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola and Unwired Planet. The goal of WAP is to introduce a large amount of information and various services from the Internet into wireless terminals such as mobile phones and PALM through WAP technology. No matter where and when you need information, you can open your WAP phone and enjoy endless online information or online resources. Such as: comprehensive news, weather forecast, stock market dynamics, business reports, current exchange rates, etc. E-commerce and online banking will also be implemented one by one.

You can also get sports competition results, entertainment industry anecdotes and humorous stories anytime and anywhere to add spice to your life. You can also use the online booking function to arrange your life in an orderly manner. The WAP protocol includes the following layers: 1. Wireless Application Environment (WAE) 2. Wireless Session Layer (WSL) 3. Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) 4. Wireless Transport Layer (WTP) Among them, the WAE layer contains micro-browser, WML , WMLSCRIPT interpreter and other functions. The WTLS layer provides basic security functions for wireless e-commerce and wireless encrypted data transmission.

Basic principles of WAP

The AP standard is a set of protocols

WDP: WAP datagram protocol layer, which is the transport layer for sending and receiving messages.

WTLS: Wireless transmission security layer, which provides security services for applications such as e-commerce.

WTP: WAP transport protocol layer, which provides transmission support and increases the reliability of datagram services provided by WDP.

WSP: WAP session protocol layer, providing effective data exchange between different applications.

HTTP interface: supports information retrieval requests from mobile terminals.

The development of WAP

WAP has now become the global de facto standard for accessing wireless information services through mobile phones or other wireless terminals. Its development and application are unlimited. It can be said that the only limit is your imagination. WAP has not only changed many existing applications by leaps and bounds, but also spawned more new value-added services.

For example, it is used to support specific business processes, information delivery or field maintenance, including customer service and spare parts provision, message notification and call management, email, telephone-based value-added services, group planning, weather and transportation Information, maps and location services, news and sports reports, etc.; it is particularly noteworthy that it enables information services widely used on the Internet to gradually develop from the provision of pure information to more interactive and ultimately e-commerce.

The design philosophy of WAP

WAP provides an open and unified technology platform. Users can easily access and obtain the international Internet or enterprise information expressed in a unified content format using mobile devices. Intranet information and various services.

WAP defines a set of software and hardware interfaces. Mobile devices and website servers that implement these interfaces can enable people to use mobile phones to send and receive emails and even browse the Internet just like using PCs. In essence, WAP is a communication protocol that provides an application development and operating environment and supports the most popular embedded operating systems PalmOS, EPOC, WindowsCE, FLEXO, JavaOS, etc.

WAP can support most wireless devices currently in use, including mobile phones, FLEX pagers, two-way radio communication equipment, etc. Compared with desktop personal computers, these devices have weak CPU functions, small memory, limited power supply in wireless environments, small display screens, and limited input functions. On the transmission network, WAP can also support various current mobile networks, such as GSM, CDMA, PHS, etc., and it can also support future third-generation mobile communication systems. However, compared with the bandwidth of wired networks using the Internet, the bandwidth resources of wireless networks are always limited. Taking into account the above limitations and disadvantages, WAP fully draws on the ideas of the Internet and makes certain modifications and simplifications. That is, applications and network content are represented in standard data formats, using a micro-browser similar to the browser software used on PCs, and using standard communication modes for Internet browsing.

The WAP standard defines an application environment that allows designers to develop device-independent user interfaces, and then use the WAP programming language of WMLScript (WML script) to embed executable logic into mobile terminals . In this way, a micro-browser is actually run on the mobile terminal, which is very similar to the IE or Netscape browser used on the PC.

Technical characteristics of WAP

In the past, wireless Internet access has been limited by mobile phone devices and wireless networks. WAP makes full use of Internet standards such as XML, UDP and IP. Many of its procedures are based on Internet standards such as HTTP and TLS, but are optimized to overcome the problems of low bandwidth, high latency and poor connection stability in the original wireless environment. Disadvantages.

Original Internet standards such as HTML, HTTP, TLS and TCP are far from meeting the requirements for mobile networks because of the huge amounts of text data that need to be transmitted. It is no longer possible to effectively display standard HTML content on the small screens of pocket cell phones and pagers.

WAP uses binary transmission to compress data more, and its optimization features are suitable for longer latency and low bandwidth. WAP's session system can handle intermittent coverage while operating under varying conditions of wireless transmission.

WML and WML Script are used to produce WAP content, which can maximize the use of small screen displays. WAP content can be displayed from a two-line text screen on a modern smart phone or other communicator, or it can be converted to a full image screen display.

The lightweight WAP protocol stack memory is designed to minimize the required bandwidth while maximizing the number of wireless network types that can provide WAP content. It is suitable for a variety of networks, such as Global System for Mobile Communications GSM900, GSM1800 and GSM1900; Transitional Standard (IS)-136; European standard DECT; Time Division Multiple Access; Personal Communications Services, High Speed ??Paging (FLEX) and Code Division Multiple addresses, etc. It also supports all network technologies and bearer services, including Short Message Service (SMS), Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), Circuit Switched Cellular Data (DSD), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) and Universal Packet Radio Business (GPRS). Because WAP is based on a scalable layered structure, each layer can develop independently of other layers. This allows the introduction of other bearer services or the use of new transmission procedures without requiring changes to other layers.

WAP enables users with small wireless devices such as mobile phones and PDAs that can browse the Internet to access information on the go. WAP takes into account the limitations of those devices and the flexibility required by these users. Limitations of handheld WAP devices Compared with PCs, WAP devices have: Low resolution, small display, limited input device capacity, and importantly, no fixed-point device provided, low-power CPU, less memory and less stable energy, narrow network bandwidth, and The connection is less stable. The flexibility brought by WAP Compared with HTML-C, the WAP standard does not specify what form the WAP device should be. This is extremely beneficial to equipment manufacturers, allowing them to produce a variety of different types of equipment to meet different needs. In the near future, the market's requirements for WAP devices will be based on different browser display sizes, input devices, and memory sizes, which will promote the development and progress of WAP devices in new technologies and solutions.

Connecting to the Internet through the use of mobile phones will soon become a standard, and WAP is the technical tool to achieve this standard. Today, the number of mobile phone Internet users is growing faster than the number of PC Internet users. This means that in the near future, most new mobile phones will be equipped with WAP browsers. Wireless users with WAP devices can obtain related services provided through the Internet, and the network pages are compiled in HTML format. By then, for many or even the vast majority of users, WAP devices will become a common tool for obtaining these services.

Monternet is the unified brand of mobile data services provided by China Mobile to customers. It's called Montenet in English, which means "Mobile Internet". Monternet is like a large supermarket, including various diversified information services such as SMS, MMS, mobile Internet access (WAP), treasure chest (mobile games), etc.

"Mobile + Open Internet", "MONTERNET" is a combination of the two English words "MOBILE" (mobile) and "INTERNET" (Internet). It is the two major fields of mobile communications and the Internet today. The perfect combination is a well-deserved representative of China Mobile Internet, representing the brand personality of "modern, fashionable, efficient and innovative", and its meaning is "free Internet, unlimited communication".