What are the methods of information classification?

There are two common classification methods for information classification:

Line classification

Line classification, also known as hierarchical classification, refers to classifying the classified objects into corresponding hierarchical categories according to the selected classification marks and arranging them into a hierarchical classification system. The overall performance of the classification system is that different levels of categories, such as large category, medium category and small category, are gradually expanded. The symbols selected at each level in the system are different, the same category constitutes a parallel relationship, and the upper and lower categories constitute a subordinate relationship. There is a parallel relationship between the next-level projects directly divided by a category, which does not overlap or overlap.

Basic principles of line classification:

1. In online classification, the total range of the next category divided by an upper category should be the same as that of the upper category (all belong to furniture).

2. When an upper class is divided into several lower classes, a division mark should be selected (according to raw materials).

3. The same category does not overlap or duplicate, but only corresponds to one superior category (wooden chair, wooden stool, wooden table, wooden box and wooden frame).

4. Classification should be carried out in turn, and there can be no empty layer or additional layer.

Advantages and disadvantages of line classification:

Advantages: hierarchical, can better reflect the logical relationship between categories, easy to use. It is not only suitable for the traditional habit of processing information manually, but also convenient for computers to process information.

Disadvantages: the classification structure of line classification system is not flexible (once the classification structure is determined, it is not easy to change) and inefficient (when there are many classification levels, the number of code bits is long, which affects the data processing speed).

Surface classification

Face classification, also known as parallel classification, is to divide the set of goods to be classified into faces without affiliation according to their respective attributes or characteristics, and each face contains a group of categories. Combine a class in each face with a class in another face to form a composite class.

Clothing classification is assembled according to the surface classification method. The fabrics, styles and wearing purposes used in clothing are divided into three independent "faces", and each "face" is divided into several categories. When used, match related categories. Such as: pure wool men's suits, pure cotton women's dresses, etc.

Basic principles of surface classification:

1. According to the need, the essential attribute of the classified object should be taken as the symbol of the classified object.

2. The categories of different aspects cannot cross each other or appear repeatedly.

3. Each surface has a strict fixed position.

4. The choice of surface and the determination of position should be based on actual needs.

Advantages and disadvantages of surface classification:

Advantages: it has greater flexibility, can expand a large number of new categories, does not need to determine the final grouping in advance, and is suitable for computer management.

Disadvantages: the assembly structure is too complicated, which is not convenient for manual handling and cannot make full use of its capacity.

Information coding is to give some information some symbols. In order to meet the actual business application, coding needs to meet the following basic principles:

1. Uniqueness: coding must ensure that each coding object corresponds to only one coding.

2. Extensibility: The code structure must be able to adapt to the growing needs of the coding object.

3. Simplicity: Under the premise of not affecting the code capacity and expansibility, the code should be as short and clear as possible to reduce errors and facilitate reading and copying.

4. Consistency: The code type, structure and writing format of the same level must be unified, and the code format should always be used, and the format should not be changed halfway.

5. operability: the code should reflect the characteristics of the coded object as much as possible, which is helpful for memory and easy to fill in. Use less other symbols, such as' #','-'and' *'.

6. Stability: Don't change the code frequently, but consider the possibility of its change and keep the code system relatively stable as much as possible.

In the current enterprise application, there are mainly the following coding methods:

1 alphabetization: alphabetization refers to the use of a specific letter or group of letters to represent a certain material.

Numeric method: refers to the method of using a specific number or a set of numbers to represent a certain material. The digital method can also consider the following coding methods.

A) continuous numbering method, which requires all materials to be classified and sorted according to certain rules, and then the serial numbers are arranged in turn from the numbering. 1. The advantage of this method is that the code is coherent, but when adding new categories in the future, you can't insert them in the middle, you can only add them later.

B) Step-by-step numerical method, which first requires that all materials be divided into several categories, and then each category is divided into several intermediate categories according to its secondary category.

C) The number of knots method is a representation method between the continuous number method and the step number method.

D) International decimal classification refers to the classification of all data into ten categories, which are represented by numbers between 0 and 9; Then each category is divided into ten intermediate categories, which are represented by numbers between 0 and 9, and so on.

3 prompt method: refers to the method of using specific numbers or symbols to express the characteristics of materials according to their characteristics, which can be divided into digital prompt method and symbol prompt method.

4 mixed method: refers to the method of combining English letters and numbers.

According to the above coding principles and methods, the following examples will be given according to what needs to be coded in the process of enterprise asset management, so as to understand the key factors in the coding process simply and intuitively.

1. Customer Management Information (mixed method)

X X XXXX XXXXXX

The fourth floor: postal code

The third layer: customer code

Level 2: Customer Category

Level 1: Customer Information Category:

Code:110bsf200137.

1- customer management, 1- direct customer, 0BSF- BASF company, 200 137- postal code.

2. Material classification information (international decimal classification)

6 applied science

62. Industrial technology

62 1. Machinery Industry Technology

62 1.8 power transmission

62 1.88 support

62 1.882. Screws and nuts

62 1.882.2 Various small screws

62 1.882.2 1 metal screws

62 1.882.2 15 pill screw

62 1.682.2 15.3 flat head screws

Information coding is the basic work of enterprise asset management, and it is the premise and foundation to realize enterprise information sharing and interaction. The function of summary information coding can be summarized as follows: