What are the links of hazardous chemicals management and how to manage chemicals well?

1. General

1. 1 Strengthen the management of hazardous chemicals and prevent the transportation, storage, production and use of hazardous chemicals.

Fire, explosion, poisoning and other accidents occur during the journey to ensure the safety of people's lives and property.

2. Scope and classification

2. 1 All substances with inflammable, explosive, corrosive and toxic properties can cause combustion in production, storage, transportation and use.

Burning, explosion and chemicals that cause personal poisoning or injury accidents and property losses are collectively referred to as dangerous chemicals.

2.2 Although some items are not dangerous, management should be strengthened if there is danger.

2.3 Hazardous chemicals are classified according to their nature and storage and transportation requirements:

2.3. 1 explosives

2.3.2 compressed gas and liquefied gas

flammable liquid

2.3.4 Flammable solids, spontaneous combustion items and flammable items when wet.

2.3.5 Toxic substances, corrosive substances and infectious substances

2.4 The management of hazardous chemicals shall strictly implement the National Regulations on the Management of Explosives and the Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals.

3. Production and use

3. 1 Devices for producing and using hazardous chemicals should be based on the types, properties and production processes of hazardous substances.

In view of the fire danger and toxicity, corresponding safety facilities should be provided, such as ventilation, fire prevention, explosion prevention, dust prevention and gas protection, pressure relief, cooling, moisture prevention, lightning protection, flashback prevention, electrostatic discharge, emergency discharge, isolation operation and automatic alarm.

3.2 The storage time, place and maximum allowable storage quantity of dangerous goods in the production workshop shall be specified according to the production needs.

Storage capacity. Raw materials and finished products should be tested to avoid unqualified ingredients or accidents.

3.3 Operators in places where toxic substances are produced and used must correctly wear special protective articles and appliances (such as glasses for acid-base operation and masks when dealing with problems). It is forbidden to touch toxic substances directly with your hands, and do not eat or drink in places where toxic substances are found. A certain amount of detoxification drugs (including licorice, etc. ) Be prepared for emergency rescue. After work, change and clean the work clothes before leaving the workplace.

3.4 containers for packing hazardous chemicals must be inspected before use to eliminate hidden dangers. Containers must be firm and tight, and special signs and article names shall be printed and pasted in accordance with the provisions of the "Packaging Signs for Dangerous Goods" issued by the state. Flammable and explosive hazardous chemicals should indicate their physical and chemical properties (flash point, ignition point, spontaneous ignition point, explosion limit and other data) and precautions for fire prevention, explosion prevention, fire extinguishing, safe storage and transportation, otherwise they are not allowed to leave the factory.

3.5 In places where inflammable and explosive articles are produced or stored, explosion-proof or isolation measures should be taken for electrical equipment, power equipment, lighting devices, instruments and switches respectively according to the nature of dangerous articles and the Electrical Safety Regulations for Explosive Dangerous Articles Places promulgated by the state.

3.6 When transporting liquid articles, measures should be taken to prevent leakage and eliminate static electricity. When transporting solid oxidants and flammable solids, friction and impact should be prevented.

3.7 It is forbidden to heat inflammable and explosive articles with flame. In the process of high temperature reaction or distillation, if it is necessary to use flue gas, organic heat carrier, electric heating or lighting for heating, strict isolation measures should be taken.

3.8 All gas, toxic and harmful gases, steam and water pipelines used for production must be separated from domestic steam (water) pipelines. Working gas (liquid) pipelines with different purposes should not be connected.

3.9 The discharge of waste water (gas), waste residue and dust generated during the production or use of hazardous chemicals must meet the relevant national standards.

3. 10 It is forbidden to use a flammable liquid to clean machinery, equipment, vehicle parts and overalls.

3. 1 1 The maintenance of flammable and explosive equipment and pipelines shall be carried out in strict accordance with the company's hot work management system and safety maintenance system.

4. Storage and custody

4. 1 The hazardous chemicals warehouse with large storage capacity should be equipped with corresponding safety devices and facilities such as explosion prevention, pressure relief, fire prevention, lightning protection, alarm, sun protection, temperature regulation, static elimination and fire dike according to the nature of the goods and the requirements of the manual.

4.2 Dangerous chemicals warehouse can only store the same kind of dangerous chemicals, and different varieties should be stored in piles, with a certain safe distance and smooth roads.

4.3 The storage space of hazardous chemicals warehouse should avoid mixing. Dangerous chemicals with contradictory chemical properties, protection or fire extinguishing methods are absolutely not allowed to be stored in the same warehouse.

4.3. 1 oxidant shall not be stored in the same warehouse as inflammable and explosive articles.

4.3.2 Articles that spontaneously ignite or burn in water shall not be stored with inflammable and explosive articles.

4.4 Hazardous chemicals and liquefied gases that are easy to explode in water, decompose in high temperature, low temperature and sunlight shall not be stored in damp, waterlogged, high temperature and low temperature places respectively, and shall not be stored in the open air.

4.5 The warehouse of hazardous chemicals shall have a proper distance from the production and living areas, and be equipped with a certain number of fire-fighting facilities.

4.6 The management personnel (including warehouse workers) of hazardous chemicals warehouse must carry out the company's three-level safety education. After passing the examination, the unit can issue a safety operation certificate before taking up the post.

4.7 Hazardous chemicals management personnel should choose personnel with strong sense of responsibility, specially trained and familiar with the nature of hazardous substances and common sense of safety management.

4.8 Distribution system of hazardous chemicals warehouse:

4.8. 1 Before the hazardous chemicals are put into storage, they shall be inspected, accepted and registered according to the contract, receipt document and inspection application form. The acceptance contents include:

A. quantity of goods;

B. packaging;

C. danger signals;

D. certificate of conformity or inspection report.

It can only be put into storage after inspection, and it is not allowed to be put into storage when the nature of the goods is not clear.

4.8.2 Before leaving the warehouse, all hazardous chemicals shall be inspected and inspected according to the contract or material requisition. The inspection contents include:

A. quantity of goods;

B. packaging;

C. danger signals;

4.8.3 Personnel, motor vehicles and working vehicles entering the hazardous chemicals storage area must take fire prevention measures.

4.8.4 Loading, unloading and handling of hazardous chemicals shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations, so as to handle them lightly. It is forbidden to fall, touch, bump, drag, tilt or roll.

4.8.5 When loading and unloading articles harmful and corrosive to human body, operators should wear corresponding protective articles according to the danger.

4.8.6 The same vehicle shall not be used to transport materials that are taboo to each other. The competent department should strengthen inspection and strictly implement it.

4.8.7 When repairing, replacing, cleaning and loading and unloading inflammable and explosive articles, copper, alloy or other tools that will not generate sparks shall be used.

4.8.8 In order to prevent errors in delivery, the "four pairs" system of double delivery, double locking, double transportation and double use must be implemented for toxic substances and easy-to-manufacture drugs.

4.8. 10 Smoking and naked flame are strictly prohibited in the warehouse of hazardous chemicals.

4.8. 1 1 The requisition of hazardous chemicals is proposed by the user, reviewed by the department head and approved by the warehouse keeper.

4.8. 12 The warehousing and warehousing of hazardous chemicals shall be recorded in account books, and accounts shall be made every month to ensure that the accounts, cards and materials are consistent.

5. Loading and unloading transportation

5. 1 The loading, unloading and transportation of hazardous chemicals must be carried out by personnel with a strong sense of responsibility who are familiar with the general characteristics and safety precautions of hazardous chemicals.

5.2 Handling and transportation personnel of hazardous chemicals should hold safety certificates, wear corresponding protective articles according to the nature of the transported hazardous substances, and handle them with care. Collision, rolling, dragging and friction are prohibited, and the packaging container shall not be damaged. Pay attention to signs and stack them safely.

5.3 Before and after loading and unloading of hazardous chemicals, carriages and warehouses should be ventilated and clean, and there should be no residue. Vehicles loaded with toxic substances must be cleaned after unloading.

5.4 Hazardous chemicals that collide with each other and come into contact with each other easily cause combustion, explosion or other hazards, as well as hazardous substances with conflicting chemical properties, shall not be transported in the same car in violation of the loading restrictions.

5.5 Hazardous chemicals shall not be mixed during shipment. When transporting explosive, highly toxic and radioactive dangerous goods, a special person shall be appointed to escort them, and the number of escorts shall not be less than 2.

5.6 Vehicles transporting dangerous goods should strictly prevent external open flames, try to choose roads with smooth roads, and must not

When driving and stopping in busy streets, you should keep the speed and distance, and speeding, overtaking and forced passing are strictly prohibited.

5.7 Exhaust pipes of motor vehicles loaded with inflammable and explosive articles must be equipped with flame arresters and fire extinguishing equipment. vehicle

The front of the car should be marked with the words "dangerous goods", and the tank car should be hung with an electrostatic grounding guide chain.

5.8 When transporting dangerous goods such as explosions, flammable liquids, flammable gases, toxic and radioactive substances, the packages must be firm and tight, and the means of transport meeting the safety requirements should be used:

5.8. 1 It is forbidden to use battery cars, dump trucks, forklifts and bicycles to transport explosives. Transport potassium chloride,

When using oxidants such as sodium chloride and flammable liquids with low flash point packed in iron drums, iron cars and car trailers shall not be used.

5.8.2 Forklifts, forklifts and dump trucks are prohibited from carrying inflammable and explosive liquefied gas and other dangerous goods.

5.8.3 Vehicles transporting dangerous goods such as liquefied gas and flammable liquid in high temperature season should have sun protection facilities.

5.8.4 When transporting waterproof items such as calcium carbide, there should be rain-proof facilities.

5.9 The sales department of the company shall inspect the customers who come to the company to haul dangerous goods: "Purchase Certificate, Transport Certificate, Escort Certificate and Tank Car Permit" to check whether the appearance of the vehicle meets the safety requirements. If problems are found, users should be instructed to deal with them before delivery.

6. Scrapping treatment

6. 1 The packaging used for toxic substances must be strictly managed, recycled and registered, and a special person is responsible for handling it.

6. 1. 1 Iron packaging containers shall not be used for other purposes without thorough cleaning.

6. 1.2 The packaging container must be destroyed under the supervision of a special person designated by the production department.

6.2 Scrapping treatment of toxic substances and wastes must be applied for first, and safety measures must be formulated, which can only be treated after being approved by the production department.

6.3 Any discarded metal containers, equipment, pipelines and other materials containing dangerous chemicals must be cleaned and replaced by users according to the specified requirements, and then handed over to the waste treatment department.

6.4 It is necessary to strengthen the management of all kinds of harmful waste residue and dirt in the company's production, and it is not allowed to be transported out with general garbage.