Xiamen FloodXiamen Flood 2014

1. Floods in China in 2010 2. Causes of floods in Xiamen University 3. Fujian maintains Level III emergency response for heavy rain prevention. Which local places are likely to experience floods? 4. The harm caused by the causes of floods and effective preventive measures. 5. The typhoon hit Xiamen more than 60 years ago in that month. 6. There are still heavy rains today and tomorrow. Emergency Response to China's Floods in 2010

Since the beginning of the flood season, extreme disastrous weather has occurred frequently in my country. Jiangnan, South China, Southwest, Northeast China, Jianghuai and other regions have experienced multiple large-scale heavy rainfall processes, and floods have occurred early. , there are many types of flood disasters and the degree of damage is severe. According to statistics from the National Disaster Reduction Commission and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, as of August 6, this year's floods have affected 200 million people across the country, with 1,454 deaths and 669 missing. 13.471 million hectares of crops have been affected, of which 2.09 million hectares have lost their harvest. The economic loss was 275.16 billion yuan.

Jiangxi Floods

8.7266 million people were affected in 1,052 towns and 89 counties, cities and districts. 12 people died, 11 people were missing, and 75,000 houses collapsed. ; The crop damage area reached 609.72 thousand hectares; domestic roads were severely damaged by water, and some trains on the Yingxia Line and Fengfu Line were suspended; water supply, power supply and communications were interrupted in 4 counties; nearly 400,000 households were without power; 26 rivers exceeded the warning limit , the second largest river in Jiangxi burst, the water level of the Gan River continued to surge to the highest level in 99 years, and Jiangxinzhou was submerged.

Hunan Floods

7.694 million people in 1,090 towns and cities in 14 cities and prefectures were affected, and 14. 9 people died and 9 people were missing, 25,300 houses were damaged, 28,110 hectares of crops were affected, 16,310 hectares were damaged, 2,195 hectares were harvested, and 26.4 million yuan was lost; the roadbed of the 216 Line from Lingling District Water Ridge to Shuangpai Tea Forest was washed away, and traffic Interrupted, traffic is expected to resume on July 5; the main stream of the Xiangjiang River experienced a second flood exceeding the warning level; the second main stream of the Zishui River experienced a flood exceeding the warning level, the water level of Dongting Lake rose across the board, a landslide occurred in Yuanling, a landslide occurred in Yongzhou, and the Hunan-Guizhou Railway 1477 200 , 1464 475 and other three places suffered from mudslides and landslides

Fujian Floods

8 districts and cities, 60 counties (cities, districts, and 639 towns and cities, mainly four counties and cities in Nanping. The urban area was flooded, with 2.6591 million people affected; 76 people died and 79 were missing; 37,600 houses collapsed, and the ancient Ming Dynasty buildings in Taining were seriously damaged by heavy rains and floods; crops were affected in an area of ??1.1983 million hectares, with a loss of 5.353 billion yuan; Xi'an to Xiamen and Fuzhou trains were suspended until the 26th, and 9 trains in Xiamen were suspended from the 22nd to the 25th; more than 600 power supply lines were cut off, and Yufu Village in Daqian Town, Nanping City was cut off from water, power and food; the Shaxikou Reservoir was flooded It was the largest flood in history, occurring once in 100 years. The dam of the Diankou Power Station in Nanshan Town, Nanping City, partially collapsed, causing large-scale landslides in Nanping City; landslides occurred in Ninghua; flash floods occurred in Shunchang County, and mountains collapsed in Gaosha Town, Shaxian County.

Guizhou Floods

1.64 million people were affected in 16 counties, cities and districts, more than 6,100 houses were damaged, and more than 60,000 hectares of crops were affected; more than 10 national and provincial arterial roads were affected by landslides and landslides Traffic was disrupted; 85 towns and villages experienced power outages, affecting 360,000 users' power supply; 33 river revetments and 812 irrigation facilities were damaged, 9 ponds and dams were washed away, and 16 counties (cities and districts) suffered to varying degrees from heavy rains, floods, landslides and debris flows.

Guangxi Floods

901,400 people in 8 cities and 54 counties (districts) were affected, with 1 death; 6,385 houses were damaged, and the affected area of ??crops reached 51.05 thousand hectares, with losses of 277 million; 312 Highways were interrupted; 147 towns (districts) were affected by power outages, and more than 400 transmission lines were out of service; the water level of the Liujiang River reached a peak level of 83 meters for two consecutive days, the dam of Laibinyi Reservoir was in danger, and the Jiulong Reservoir in Luocheng was in danger.

Chongqing Flood

More than 860,000 people in 126 towns and villages in 11 districts and counties were affected, with 2 deaths and 1 missing; 1,505 collapsed houses; the affected farmland area was 16.28 thousand hectares. Among them: 85,600 hectares were affected, and 21,900 hectares were harvested; floods occurred outside the Tianchi Tunnel in Fuling District, Line 103, and traffic was interrupted. It is expected to resume traffic on June 28; 25 rivers rose and one small reservoir was damaged.

Zhejiang Floods

808,000 people in 11 counties (cities and districts), 101 townships (towns) were affected, and 23,000 people were evacuated; the affected crop area reached 162,800 hectares; Qiantang The Qiantang River and Qiantang River were closed to traffic and entered the first level of flood control; 238 villages in 4 towns were without power; sudden slope mudslides occurred in Longquan.

Sichuan floods

Ganzi, Emeishan, More than 300,000 people were affected in Liangshan and other places, and 94 towns and villages in 3 districts and 4 counties of Luzhou City; 70 meters of roadbed from Dujiangyan to Wenchuan Highway was washed away by floods, National Highway 213 was interrupted, Kangding Mountain collapsed, and 7 kilometers of Jiusha Road in Emeishan City The entire mountain fell at 200 meters, and the Luzhou hills collapsed.

Causes of floods in Xiamen University

Xiamen University has a low-lying terrain, a monsoon climate, and poor drainage in summer. Xiamen University (XMU) is located in Xiamen City, Fujian Province. It is a national key comprehensive research university directly under the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Education. .

Fujian maintains level III emergency response for heavy rain. Which places are likely to experience flood disasters?

Zhangzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Putian, Pingtan, and most of Fuzhou? Natural disasters are likely to occur. In addition, heavy rainstorms have also occurred in central and eastern Fujian.

In recent months, the weather in southeastern my country has been shrouded in heavy rainfall. Under the influence of this kind of heavy rainfall, natural disasters such as floods are likely to occur in most areas of Fujian. Therefore, relevant departments of the local government at all levels are also taking active actions to ensure that this natural flood disaster will not occur. It will bring more serious consequences.

Most areas in Fujian Province have fallen into heavy rainfall.

According to the news released by the Fujian Provincial Flood Control Office, due to the impact of heavy rainfall, central and southern Fujian Province have experienced severe rainfall. Natural weather such as heavy rains occurs in some parts of the east. Under the influence of this natural weather, there is a possibility of flash floods in various parts of Fujian Province. After all, most of Fujian's terrain is hilly and there are severe heavy rainfalls. It is very likely that flash floods will occur. Therefore, the Flood Control Office also reminds residents everywhere to pay attention to the coming of flash floods. This is especially important for residents in mountainous areas and to stay away from the foot of the mountain during such heavy rainfall. Try to stay away from the foot of the mountain.

Local authorities are also taking action.

In addition to the flood control office issuing relevant rainfall information, the local logistics emergency management department is also taking active actions. Many people have been evacuated from most dangerous areas in the central and eastern parts of the province, and multiple resettlement sites have been set up in various areas of the province. A large amount of relief supplies have also been collected from the community to ensure that the relocated people have enough supplies and food.

Be aware of prevention.

In addition to the above-mentioned requirements of the government and emergency management departments, I believe that individual citizens should also be aware of prevention. Especially for residents in mountainous areas, they should be vigilant once strong rainstorms occur locally. Remember not to go up the mountain during strong rainstorms to avoid encountering flash floods on the way up the mountain.

The hazards caused by floods and effective preventive measures

The hazards of floods

Refer to the damage to low-lying areas due to heavy rain, torrential rain or continuous rainfall. Submersion and waterlogging. Rain and waterlogging mainly harm the growth of crops, causing crop yield reduction or failure, and disrupting the normal development of agricultural production and other industries.

Rainlogging is mainly caused by heavy rain and heavy rain, so it is often closely related to flood disasters.

The conceptual difference between the two is that flood disasters refer to disasters caused by heavy rains, torrents or overflowing rivers and lakes; rainwater logging refers to disasters caused by waterlogging and submersion. Rain and waterlogging mainly harm the growth of crops, resulting in reduced or no harvests; floods, in addition to harming crops, also damage houses, buildings, water conservancy facilities, transportation facilities, electric power facilities, etc., and cause varying degrees of casualties. Since floods and rainstorms often occur simultaneously or continuously in the same area, it is often difficult to accurately define the difference when conducting disaster surveys, statistics, and analysis. In this case, they are collectively referred to as flood disasters.

Distribution of flood disasters

On a global scale, flood disasters mainly occur in areas with multiple typhoons. These areas mainly include: northern Bangladesh and coastal areas; southeastern coastal areas of China; Japan and Southeast Asian countries; the Caribbean and the coastal areas of the eastern United States. In addition, floods are also prone to occur in the inland river basins of some countries.

The dangers of floods

Among various natural disasters, floods are the most common and the most harmful. Floods occur frequently, affect a wide range of areas, are fierce and extremely destructive. The floods not only submerged houses and people, causing a large number of casualties, but also swept away all items in the settlements, including food, and flooded farmland, destroying crops, leading to a significant reduction in food production and causing famine. Floods can also damage factories, communications and transportation facilities, causing damage to the Ministry of National Economy.

Since the beginning of this century, there have been nearly 40 catastrophic flood disasters in various countries around the world, each resulting in the death of tens of thousands of people and the displacement of millions of people. In recent decades, the frequency of floods and disaster losses have increased year by year.

China has been a country prone to serious flood disasters since ancient times. According to incomplete statistics, in the 2155 years from 206 BC to 1949, there were 1,092 major floods in Japan, and floods that killed more than 10,000 people occurred every 5-6 years. This situation has not been fundamentally eliminated in modern times. changes.

Flood disasters not only directly cause casualties and property losses, but also cause a series of other disasters such as landslides, mudslides, and epidemics. Rain and waterlogging in my country

1951-1990. There are an average of 5.9 serious floods in my country every year, with an average affected area of ??6.67 million hectares, of which 4.7 million hectares are affected by disasters. Three to four thousand people died and more than 2 million houses collapsed. In 1991, floods of varying degrees occurred in 25 provinces, cities, and districts across the country. The affected area of ??crops was 24 million hectares, 5,133 people died, 4.98 million houses collapsed, and direct economic losses reached 79.9 billion yuan.

The main rain and flood areas are distributed in the east of the Greater Hinggan Mountains-Taihang Mountains-Wuling Mountains. This area is divided into four prone areas by Nanling Mountains, Dabie Mountains-Qinling Mountains and Yinshan Mountains. There is little rain in western my country, and only Sichuan is a rain-prone area.

According to historical rainfall statistics, the areas with the most severe rainfall are mainly the southeastern coastal areas, the Hunan-Jiangxi region, and the Huaihe River Basin. The areas with less severe rainfall include the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanling, Wuyi Mountains, and the Haihe River. and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, Sichuan Basin, Liaohe River, and Songhua River areas. The regions with the least rainfall in the country are the northwest, Inner Mongolia and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, followed by the Loess Plateau, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the northeastern region. In summary, the general characteristics of the distribution of rain and waterlogging are: more in the east and less in the west; more along the coast and less in the interior; more plains and lakes, less plateaus and mountains; more east and south slopes of mountains, less west and north slopes.

Flood disaster control and preventive measures Friday, May 16, 2008 09:44 Flood disaster control and preventive measures

Flood disaster is a common natural disaster. Flood disasters can lead to ecological environment, economic construction, property losses, and even the spread of infectious diseases, seriously threatening people's production, life and life safety. Due to the impact of heavy rainfall, some towns and villages suffered floods. In order to do a good job in disease prevention and control in the affected towns and villages, we have to achieve the goal of no major epidemics after the disaster. The following disease prevention and control measures are proposed for the reference of the affected towns and villages.

1. Strengthen drinking water sanitation management

1. Selection and protection of water sources; drinking water intake points should be selected in the upstream of floods or less polluted waters in waterlogging areas, and designated Outside a certain area, it is strictly prohibited to discharge feces, sewage and garbage in this area. In areas where conditions permit, docks should be set up at water intake points to facilitate water intake at a certain distance from the shore.

2. Selection of water sources after water recedes; in areas without running water, use well water as drinking water source as much as possible. Water wells should have well platforms, well rails, and manhole covers. Toilets, pig pens, and other facilities that may pollute groundwater are prohibited within 30 meters around the well. There should be a dedicated bucket for water collection. In areas where conditions permit, existing tap water supply pipelines can be extended. 3. Purify and disinfect drinking water; boiling is a very effective sterilization method. Filtering methods can be used when conditions permit. However, during floods, the most important method of disinfecting drinking water is with disinfectants. 4. Strengthen the disinfection of water supply facilities; water sources or water supply facilities that have been flooded must be cleaned and disinfected before being reused, and the bacteriological indicators must be checked before they can be used again. Flooded wells must be desilted, flushed and disinfected. First, drain the well, remove the silt, rinse the walls and bottom of the well with clean water, and then drain out all the sewage. After the well naturally seeps to the normal water level, add bleaching powder and soak for 12 to 24 hours, then pump out the well water until the water naturally seeps back to normal. After the water level is reached, follow the normal disinfection method (add 4 grams of bleaching powder to one ton of water. If the pollution is serious, add 8 grams of bleaching powder per ton for disinfection, and then it can be put into normal use.

2. Strengthen food hygiene management

1. Flood-stricken areas need to focus on preventing the following food poisoning

(1 Mycotoxin food poisoning caused by moldy food: often caused by eating moldy rice.

(2 Bacterial food poisoning: often caused by animal foods, dead livestock and poultry meat, foods that are not well refrigerated (such as meat, eggs, and cooked foods that have been stored for a long time (such as rice, vegetables).

(3Chemical food poisoning: generally caused by accidental ingestion of toxic substances. Due to environmental changes in disaster areas and limitations of temporary residence conditions, pesticides, nitrites and other industrial chemicals are easily ingested.

(4 Toxic animal and plant food poisoning: Accidentally eating pig thyroid glands, adrenal glands and poisonous fish can cause poisonous animal food poisoning; eating insufficiently heated soy milk, lentils, sprouted potatoes, and poisonous mushrooms can cause Causes poisonous plant food poisoning.

2. On-site treatment of food poisoning

(1. Patient treatment and reporting: First aid treatment for patients mainly includes induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, enema and Symptomatic treatment and special detoxification drug treatment: The content of the food poisoning report includes the location, time, number of people, typical symptoms and signs, treatment conditions, poisoning food and measures taken. At the same time, attention should be paid to collecting patient samples for examination.

(2 Stop eating poisoned food: Seal the poisoned food or suspected poisoned food at the site until investigation confirms that it is not poisonous food before eating it; notify the recovery or stop eating the poisoned food or suspected poisoned food in other places. (3 Food Disinfection of food and environment: harmlessly dispose or destroy the poisoned food, and take appropriate disinfection treatment of the poisoning site. For bacterial food poisoning, solid food can be boiled and sterilized for 15 to 30 minutes; liquid food can be sterilized with bleaching powder. The patient's excrement and vomitus can be disinfected with 20% lime milk or bleaching powder (1 part of excrement plus 2 parts of disinfectant is mixed and left for 2 hours, and the surrounding environment can be sprayed and disinfected with peracetic acid. Chemical or toxic animal and plant food poisoning should be treated Bury toxic substances that cause poisoning deeply.

3. Strengthen food hygiene supervision and management in disaster areas; especially food production and operation units that have been flooded should clean and disinfect food equipment, containers, and the environment. , it can only be opened after passing the inspection by the local health administrative department, and the supervision of its food and raw materials will be strengthened to prevent food contamination and the use of moldy and spoiled raw materials.

To avoid bites from insects that leave the rat's body after it dies, it is best to spray insecticides in the living area at the same time as killing the rats. 6. Health education: Health education in flood-stricken areas is an important guarantee for promoting the implementation of disaster relief and disease prevention measures. Health education must be adapted to the extraordinary period, extraordinary environment and extraordinary objects affected by disasters. The content of education must not only adapt to the psychology, culture, and quality of the education targets, but also be carefully organized according to changes in factors such as disaster conditions, weather, diseases, and health services, and changes in the level of health education needs of disaster victims.

It was that year and month that a typhoon hit Xiamen more than sixty years ago

Since the founding of New China in 1949, countless typhoons, large and small, from the Pacific Ocean have brought severe damage to various parts of our country. A major disaster occurred, causing heavy losses to people's lives and property. Here we extract relevant information about 20 major typhoons that caused heavy losses, so that netizens can understand and be alert to the dangers of typhoons and make various preparations to prevent typhoons.

3. 5903 Iris: The mysterious and strongest typhoon that swept through Fujian, causing more than 1,500 casualties, damaging 2,610 ships, flooding 6.2 million acres of farmland, and destroying 18,000 houses.

On August 23, 1959, Typhoon No. 5903 made landfall along the coast from Xiamen to Zhangpu, Fujian. Level 12 strong winds swept through all coastal counties in southern Fujian. The strongest areas were in Tong'an, Xiamen, and Haicheng. The instantaneous maximum wind speed in Xiamen City reached 60 meters/second. In Xiamen alone, nearly a thousand people were killed or injured. Big trees were uprooted, houses collapsed, and part of the seawall collapsed, causing heavy losses to people's lives and property. The arrival of "Iris" coincides with the astronomical tide on the 19th day of the seventh lunar month. The wind boosts the tide and the tide tops the river, causing serious storm surge disasters.

According to incomplete statistics, 791 people were killed by floods in Fujian Province, and at least 800 people were injured. 2,610 ships were sunk or damaged, more than 1,700 seawalls were washed away, 6.2 million acres of farmland were submerged, and 18,000 houses were destroyed.

When the typhoon made landfall, the seawater surged, with the highest tide reaching 7.39 meters, setting a record in Xiamen’s history since 1949 and exceeding the warning water level by 0.59 meters. The typhoon at high tide increased the water level by 1.31 meters. More than 1 meter of water entered the low-lying areas of Xiamen city. The seawater overflowed onto Zhongshan Road in the downtown area. The entire ferry terminal anchorage facilities were pushed up to the coast. Cecao Bingzhou was flooded with more than 2 meters of water. The tide Waves flew over the roofs of houses, and seawater swelled over the Fuzhou-Xiamen Highway. 62 natural villages, 7,357 households, and 29,000 people in the city were affected by the disaster, resulting in heavy losses of people, property, and materials. 171 bodies of foreign nationals were also recovered from the sea. According to reports from local people, the severity of the disaster was unprecedented in decades.

4. Typhoon Mary (No. 6001) landed in Hong Kong and severely damaged Guangdong and Fujian. Typhoon No. 6001 landed in Hong Kong and killed more than a thousand people in Guangdong and Fujian.

June 1960 On the 9th, Typhoon No. 6001 made landfall in Hong Kong. When it made landfall, the central air pressure was 970 hPa, the maximum wind speed near the center was 35 meters/second, and the wind force was level 12. Under the attack of the typhoon and rain, Hong Kong's industries were suspended, shops were closed, schools were closed, and all kinds of entertainment were suspended. Places were closed, land and water transportation was paralyzed, 80 wooden houses on the mountainside were blown away, more than 60 people were killed or missing, more than 70 people were injured, and 150 ships were sunk or damaged.

Affected by this typhoon, the southeast coast was affected. There were widespread heavy rains, with rainfall reaching 200 to 400 meters in most parts of Guangdong and Fujian provinces, and 600 to 800 millimeters in some areas. The heavy rains combined with sea tides caused severe flooding in eastern Guangdong, Foshan, Zhaoqing, and the middle and lower reaches of the Dongjiang River, and Hanjiang and Hanjiang Rivers. The water levels of Rongjiang River and Luojiang River exceeded their highest levels in history, and vast areas were generally flooded for 2 to 4 days.

According to incomplete statistics, 6.67 million acres of farmland were submerged in the province, and 80,000 houses collapsed and people drowned. 30,000 pigs and cattle were killed, 46 dykes were breached, more than 2,500 culverts and more than 9,000 water conservancy projects were destroyed, more than 1.2 million people were once trapped by floods, 421 people died, and more than 1,500 people were injured.

Fujian. Heavy rains fell across the province, flash floods broke out in many places, and rivers overflowed. In places with heavy floods, only roofs of houses were above the water, and only the branches of trees were visible. The lower reaches of the rivers were supported by strong tides, and the floods lasted for more than 2 days. Zhangzhou on the lower reaches of the Jiulong River The city was flooded for four days and nights, and there was a vast expanse of ocean covering a hundred miles in radius.

According to incomplete statistics, 638 people died, 205 were missing, and more than 5,300 were injured in the province. More than 80,000 houses were demolished, more than 200,000 houses were damaged, 4.63 million acres of farmland were flooded, and more than 2,800 bridges were washed away and sunk. There were more than 4,000 ships, and more than 10 million livestock and poultry were washed away. More than 200 factories and coal mines in the Longxi area were flooded, and 60% were suspended.

There will be heavy rains today and tomorrow. Xiamen City launched defense yesterday Level III emergency response to heavy rain and floods

In order to cope with the damage that may be caused by continuous rainfall, our city launched a Level III emergency response to heavy rain and floods at 15:00 yesterday afternoon. The bureau issued a rainstorm warning. Affected by the intersection of cold and warm air currents, heavy rainfall will continue in our city from the 12th to the 14th, mainly from the night of the 12th to the 13th. According to the "Xiamen City Flood Control and Typhoon Emergency Plan", the Municipal Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. A notice was issued at 15:00 yesterday to initiate a Level III emergency response to heavy rain floods.

The notice also requires that relevant units in each district take measures to make precise point-to-point dispatches, especially to prevent urban flooding that may be caused by short-term heavy rainfall. , local collapses, landslides and other disasters, as well as adverse impacts caused by strong convective weather such as thunder and lightning, short-term strong winds, etc., for low-lying areas in rainfall areas, especially for identified risk points such as waterlogging and geological disasters. Deploy rescue teams and equipment, and take decisive measures in case of danger.

We learned from the Municipal Flood Control Office that after the emergency response was launched, all relevant departments in each district made every effort to implement the requirements of the plan, strengthen duty, monitor closely, and follow their respective responsibilities. (Xiamen Daily reporter Zhu Daoheng