How to write a letter, a little knowledge.

Letters have a long history and profound cultural connotations, so how to write a good letter? Let me tell you the answer. Letter format

Address: top case, some can also add certain qualifications and modifiers, such as dear.

Greetings: If you write "Hello" and "How are you recently", you can pick up the text. (But rarely. )

3 text. This is the main body of the letter, which can be written into several paragraphs.

4 greetings. Take the most common "greetings" and "salutes" as examples. "Zhi Zhi" can be written in two correct positions: first, immediately after the text, without starting another paragraph and punctuation; The second is to write two spaces under the text. "Salute" is written on the next line of "From here". An exclamation point should be added after it to show the sincerity and strength of congratulations.

The title and capitalization in the second half of the greeting are a kind of respect for the recipient. It is a continuation of the tradition of "looking up" in ancient letters. Ancient letters were written vertically, including the name or address of the other party. In order to show respect, no matter where you write it, you should mention the other person's name or address to the next line. Its basic practice has been absorbed by modern letters.

⑤ Signature and date. The writer's name is written on the right one or two lines below the greeting. It is best to write down the relationship with the recipient before the name of the writer, such as son, father, your friend, etc. Write the date on the next line.

If you forget to write anything, you can leave a blank line under the date, write "Attached" in two blank spaces, and write the unfinished business on a new line.

Letters have a long history and their formats have changed several times. Today, according to the usual custom, the format of a letter mainly includes five parts: title, body, ending, signature and date.

The origin of letters

China has a long history and culture, and is a famous country of etiquette. People's social communication and exchange of thoughts and feelings are mostly carried out through certain etiquette forms and certain cultural activities. In real life, everyone often uses a series of practical items, such as traditional letters, business cards, Cambodian stickers, notices, poems and couplets, as well as modern telegrams, faxes, express mail and emails. These practical essays contain rich etiquette contents and have a strong Chinese cultural color.

Different names of letters

This paper briefly introduces the nicknames of calligraphy, letters from home, short messages and memos.

Handwriting

Calligraphy is a handwritten letter. Relatively contains the meaning of attention, truthfulness and non-falsification, so it is often different from ordinary letters.

For example, Hanshu? Xue propagandized, "Feng Yi obeyed the orders and read the Ten Golden Laws, so he could not bear to contradict them. So the secret is that calligraphy knows each other, and I want you to enter and retreat. "

The "violent chapter" is to expose. Calligraphy is also called "personal letter", "calligraphy", "calligraphy", "hand bookmark", "handwriting", "handwriting", "ruler ink" and so on.

Examples are as follows:

Handwriting: Bai Juyi's poem "Su Xiangshan Temple Appreciates Guangling Cattle to See the Messengers": "Handwriting is an eight-part poem, which never meets, but still remains."

Handwriting: Han Yu's "A Letter to Ezhou Liu Zhongcheng": "It is a former situation, so it is necessary to be sincere and should be answered as soon as possible."

Open your hand: The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 36: "(Cheng Yu) Xu's mother, like her own mother, always feeds, so she must open her hand. Xu Mu also began to answer. "

Handcuffs: Shen Defu's Wild Collection in Ming Dynasty? Taiwan Province province? Fang Xinyu waited on the court: "The house is full of thoughts and loneliness, so please submit it in advance."

Mo Chi: Hanyuan's new book? Dai (Judge of Shangzhou): "Weave a ruler of ink and drop an inch of Dan."

Handwriting: What is written or drawn by hand is called handwriting. Therefore, personal letters are also called handwriting. Liu Yuxi's On Du Situqi: "Nearby, Xu Zhijun arrives, imperial edict."

Notes, notes: articles and letters written in person are called "notes"; Handwritten notes, diaries and letters are called "notes". For example, in the Ming Dynasty, Zhang wrote a letter to the governor of the market town: "Yesterday, because of Zhao Shuai, I met with Li Shoushu." The subtitle of Lu Xun's novel Regret for the Past is Juansheng's Notes.

letter home

A letter from home refers to a letter received from home or sent to home after going out. Letters from home are also called "letters from home", "letters from home", "questions from home", "letters from home", "Zhu Bao Ping An", "gold lettering", "gold lettering", "gold lettering" and "yellow dog sound".

The "ticket to go home" has been mentioned in Guo Moruo's letter, and the rest are as follows:

Letter from home: Song Zhaojian's poem "Wenling Waikou Terrier" says: "There are thousands of books from home, but I don't know dreams."

The family asked, "Zhou Shu? Biography of Gong Hu of the Jin Party: "I didn't expect today, so I had to ask my family, crying on paper and saying nothing. "

Jiabao: Li Yu, Zhong? Uncle Chuan: "I also have a family newspaper. You can send a suitable servant to the Dragon Officer in Dongting. "

Hometown Letter: Inscription of Sun Daogan's Memories from Xiaoluoan's Sick Bed? Looking for my sister in tears: "The rural book ended just after reading, with tears in the middle."

Hometown letter: refers to letters from hometown people or family members, but mostly refers to the latter. Liu Tang Changqing's poem "Going to the Building with Gentlemen" said: "There is no hometown letter in the north, and the car is stagnant."

Peace: a sequel to Youyang Zatuan in the Tang Dynasty? Xia said: "It is said that the Boy Scout Temple in Beidu (that is, Taiyuan) has only one bamboo nest, which is only a few feet long. According to legend, Wei Gang (the monk in charge of temple affairs) reports peace with bamboo every day. " Later, it was called Ping An Jiaxin with "Bamboo Newspaper for Peace", also referred to as "Bamboo Newspaper". For example, the Song Dynasty poet Han Yuanji's Water Tune? Wang Dehe, the second rhyme on the table, wrote: "The guest does not ask about life and death, and the bamboo report is safe."

Brocade: A word made of brocade, which comes from a sad story. Jin Shu? Su Shichuan, the wife of Taodu, said: "Su Shi, the wife of Taodu, was originally an ordinary person with a good reputation and was good at writing articles. Tao and Fu Jian were moved (demoted) to quicksand (desert) when they were secretariat. Sue thought about it. Brocade is a palindrome poem, and Wan Tao turned to read it. These words are very sad. Not recorded every 340 words. " Later, his wife's letter to her husband was called "gold". For example, Fan Chengda's poem "On the Road" said: "There is no brocade in the guest, and there is snuff in the hometown." Gold lettering is also called "Golden Book", "Jinwen", "Jin Shu" and "Gold".

Jin Shushu: Li Bai's "Farewell" poem: "Don't come back in late spring, see cherry blossoms at the jade window. There is a brocade book that makes people think deeply.

Jin Wen: Feng Menglong, hang a branch? Patience: "The brocade has been woven. Fortunately, it belongs to me." Given her fickle fate, she is still an enemy. In the past, women called her Prince Charming.

Brocade: Liu Jian, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Resentful Women": "Sending a brocade book is endless. Why doesn't Saihong come back? "

Jin Zhongshu: Tang Gengkun's "Ancient Meaning" poem: "The leaves under the window are cold and there are silver candles, including the grass in the book."

Yellow Dog Voice: The allusion is The Book of Jin? Lu Ji chuan Lu Ji, a writer in the Western Jin Dynasty, was born in Wuxian (now Songjiang, Shanghai). I have a very good dog named Huang Er. He was detained in Luoyang, the then capital. He hasn't heard from home for a long time, and he misses it very much. One day, he smiled and said to the dog, "There is no letter at home. Can you send it over? " Yellow ears wagged their tails and said yes. So Lu Ji wrote a letter with bamboo slips and tied it around the dog's neck. The dog went south to find his way home, got a reply and sent it back to Luoyang. Later, "yellow ears" or "yellow dogs" were used to refer to messengers, and "yellow dog sounds" were used to refer to letters from home. Wang Shifu's The Romance of the West Chamber, the fifth volume, the second fold: "Red leaf poems are hard to spread without yellow dogs." Yellow dog barking is also called "dog book". Such as Li He's "Remembering the Long Valley Mountain Residence at the Beginning of Ritual", etc.: "The dog book belongs to Luo, and the crane regrets visiting Qin." "Crane disease" means that the wife is ill.

Informal letter

Memorandum is a relatively simple and informal official letter issued by government agencies, which was also called "Zazi" in the past.

For example, in Chapter 53 of The Scholars, "Chen Munan wrote a letter asking Chang Sui to take it to the official residence and borrow two hundred and twenty pieces of silver from Xu Jiu's son."

Cunjian

Cunjian is a short letter, which is also called Cunjian, Cunzhi, Cunjun, Cunza, Cunxin and Pianza. Sometimes these pronouns are used to refer to letters sent by oneself. Here are a few examples:

Inch Jane: Xia Cengyou's poem "Sending the King" says: "With inch Jane in the eternal heart, Kyushu is easy to enter the oblique hole." "Heart period" refers to expectations and wishes. "Yin Xun Xun" means darkness.

Inch letterhead: Lu Xun's letters? To master Gao Liang: "I'll give you an inch of stationery to thank you." The cloud (Kun sound beam) is sincerity.

Inch paper: Niannujiao in Qiu Jin? The word "send a boudoir" says: "Don't leave a thousand silk, leave a thousand silk to hate, an inch of paper should be difficult to cut."

Inch: Letter to the British Ambassador, Outline of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom: "Now, I'm going to take advantage of the feather to trim the inch."

Inch Zagreb: Wu Qinxia Amon "Broken Sleeves?" Qin Shu: "If you had the chance, you would go in the same direction.

Inch letter: Lu Xun's letters? To Li Liewen: "I sent an inch letter at night and wrote another letter at night.

Letters are an important tool for spreading information, which was even more important before modern communication tools such as telegraph and telephone appeared.

"After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold" (Du Fu's Spring Hope),

"I read a book a hundred times, but my eyes are dim and I can't pick up the residual lamp" (Liu Kezhuang's poem "Two sentences with Zhong You" in the Song Dynasty). These poems show the importance people attach to letters. So under the colorful literati, many letters have nicknames.

letter

Letters: in modern times, it is generally called letters or letters, but in ancient times, it is more called "books". In ancient times, "letters" meant messengers, that is, people who sent letters, and books were letters. Therefore, there are more nicknames than letters composed of the word "book".

Ask in the book: the word "ask" has the meaning of informing, greeting and telling. So "book question" is a letter. For example, Lu Xun wrote in his letter "To Xu Shoushang": "In Beijing, although my brother has many old acquaintances, he can't ask questions for a long time, which is extremely helpless."

Book posts: Fan Chengda in the Song Dynasty said: "There are few book posts and few tattoos in the door."

Gift book: The second time of "Biography of Water Travel": "I wrote a gift book and Gao Qiu sent it."

Secretary: In modern times, a secretary refers to the leaders at all levels in a political party or group, but in ancient times, it refers to people who are engaged in official documents, letters, or letters and characters. Ceng Gong, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote "Poems of zenghui in Fuzhou": "Although there is ambition to make progress, there is no gift for a secretary to ask."

Eight-line book: Ancient stationery has eight lines per page, so the letters are called "eight-line book" or "eight-line book". Italy Li Yu? Wu swindled and said, "Eight lines spread my thoughts." Xingtai, a poet of the Northern Qi Dynasty, wrote the poem "Wei Qi Daoxun Spring Festival Evening Banquet": "Anyone who can do both inside and outside will send eight essays alone."

Bookcase: Bookcase originally refers to the mailbox for collecting books and letters, which is used to refer to letters. For example, Zhao Fan, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote: "I am afraid that there will be no geese in Hengyang, and the bookcase will not disturb people."

Title: Title is also a book. "Announce the name? "Book Deed Interpretation" said: "The name of the book is called the book title. "So the title of this book is a letter. Like "Southern History"? Zhou Chuan: "(Zhou) is very clumsy in the title of the book, so I would like to be brief and not short." "

Shuzi: This is the oral title of letters. For example, the 120th time in A Dream of Red Mansions: "On that day, Jia Zheng's family went home to submit a book."

Jade Bird Book: Jade Bird is a legendary god bird. Shan Hai Jing? According to Xishan Jing, there are three bluebirds living on Sanwei Mountain. Their main task is to feed and deliver letters to the Queen Mother of the West. "Yiwen Collection" quoted Ban Gu's "Hanwu Story" as saying: "On July 7, in the middle of Chenghua Temple, a bluebird came from the west and gathered in front of the temple. Asked, Shuo said, "Will the Queen Mother of the West come?" ? . After a while, the queen mother arrived, and there were two bluebirds waiting beside her, including Wu. Later generations called the messenger "Jade Bird" or "Jade Bird Messenger" and the letter "Jade Bird Book". For example, Wang Shifu's "Four Jade Pieces" divertimento: "A yellow dog has a good voice without a jade book. I am too sick to go to the dressing table every day. " Li Shangyin has a famous saying, "Oh, Bluebird, please listen! -bring me what she said! " .

believe

Letter: A letter refers to an envelope, and a letter is called a letter. ? A set of books is also called a letter. Later I used letters to refer to letters. For example, Fu Xuan of the Jin Dynasty wrote Fuyu: "(Cao Cao) gave Ye a confidant. Every time I have a question, I will swear to ask you until dozens of ears a night. "

Letters: also refers to letters. For example, Sun Yat-sen's "Letter to Prince Kuang": "You will know everything if you read the letter to Brother Heng."

Letters, letters, letters: these three letters are easy to understand, needless to say.

Jainca people in Cambodia

Jane: This refers to the written materials from the Warring States to the Wei and Jin Dynasties, which are cut from long and narrow bamboo pieces or wooden boards. Bamboo is called Jane, and wood is called letters or bamboo slips, which are collectively called Jane. These are all used as titles for letters. Although the later written materials have changed, these titles are still used, such as Liu Zongyuan's "Reply to Gong Shiyuan and Gong Jin's Official Letter": "Shame leads to simplicity and gives it endless." In addition, there are letters, letters, bamboo slips, letters, bamboo slips, letters and bamboo slips, stickers, handwritten books, notes, calligraphy.

Letters: Ke Yan's Strange Letters: "So I developed this hobby: reading letters. Read all the letters that I and society allow me to read. "

Simplified books and simplified books: these two generally refer to documents and letters. For example, Xiao Gan's "Woman without Map": "There are articles sent from Yan 'an or behind enemy lines, and there are also letters from writers reporting their whereabouts.

Bamboo slips: For example, Lu Xun said in his letter to Li, "You will signal me to write a book and then urge me to introduce it. Now I will write it down and attach it, but even if I see you, I'm afraid it won't hit the point, but it will still be the same as not seeing it. " And I'm not good at simplicity, so I can't make beautiful words! "

Bamboo slips: Su Shi's Shu Ming and Bird: "Wang Lang bamboo slips are so close to the hospital, this letter is submitted, and I want to tell you to stop."

Hand barrel, hand finish: Lu You's Notes on the Old Learning Temple says: "When I returned to the DPRK in the late spring, the courtiers used a small piece of paper four or five inches high and wide to communicate with each other, which is called simple hand." Hand Jane also called the hand finished, such as Er Ya? Interpretation of the text says: "Jane, that's enough. Fang Yizhi's Tongya in the Ming Dynasty said: "Song was written by hand. "Later, letters were generally called handwritten notes or handwritten notes. For example, Lu Xun's To Xu Shoushang wrote: "I must finish my work on March 2nd and send it to Xin Wei. The meaning of "heart" is the same as that of "heart", and "Wei" is an ancient word for "comfort".

Book: Like Liang Shu? Fan Yunchuan: "Let's choose an official. The appointment is grand, the book is full, the guests are full, and the answers are flowing. There must be no delay."

Staff: Staff refers to bamboo slips. A Talk on Pingzhou by Zhu in Song Dynasty: "Yang Zhai looks at the fields and is diligent in his work. I tirelessly send dozens of letters every day. " (Yangzhai, place name. Tian Wang, name)

Letters: For example, Lu Xun said in "To Li Shu": "As for money, if you lend it to others, it is a counter-letter, just like selling a manuscript."

Books: such as The History of the Three Kingdoms? Shu zhi? Biography of Qiao Zhou: "A thorough study of the Six Classics is especially good at writing."

Letters: Mao Dun said on three sides, "He went to the desk and opened a small wooden box full of letters."

Letters: For example, Zhu Ziqing wrote in Bai Cai: "But Ping Bo often writes with him because of the transfer of letters."

card

Cambodia: "Cambodia" means "Jane", which is a general term for letters and famous posts. Such as book lists, invitations, etc. For example, the Yuan zaju "Hundred Flowers Collection": "Yesterday, the Central Government sent the Cambodian King Lang."

Invitation: generally refers to letters, posts, etc. For example, Volume XI of Surprise at the Second Moment: "A young man walked up to him like a distant person and kowtowed to Lu, saying,' Mr. Zheng has a book to worship his wife? Hand in an invitation. "

Beam: that is, the letter. For example, Sun Yat-sen said in the "Notice of Thanks to Various Institutions in Wuhan": "It's a pity for those who are still invited by the letter, but time is tight and can't learn one by one. I hope you can learn from them. "

Su Han Zhang Jian

Han: This refers to pheasant or bird feathers. Because the ancients used feathers as pens, it was called a writing brush, and later it was extended to words written with pens, also referring to letters.

For example, Ye Shi in the Song Dynasty wrote a poem "To Xu Lingyuan": "If you look at it today, you will see the ancients."

Letters composed of Chinese characters have other nicknames:

Han Shu: "Han Shu" generally refers to literature and ink letters, and later refers to letters.

Zahan: Shu Wei? Xiahou Daoqian biography: "Although Daoqian can't learn well, it makes sense to read history books and study letters at leisure." The profound reference is extensive.

Han Tong: In the Tang Dynasty, Li Jifu edited Zheng Qinyue's Debate on the Ancient Ming Dynasty: "Make it come, suddenly insult Jane Han, and use her heart." Humiliation, modesty, as a courtesy in this sentence. Joy, purity and understanding.

Han Za: Song Wenying's Jade Pot and Flower Green: "(Li Jianzhong) is a good writer."

Sue: Just like Jane, it's all written materials. Sue is a kind of white raw silk, which was used by the ancients to write things, so it became synonymous with books and letters.

Letters composed of simple characters are called:

Su Shu: Du Fu's poem "Late Autumn is Prosperous in Su Xun" says: "Long guests waste friends' books, but simple books?" A bunch of moons. "