Ancient and modern ways of transmitting information

China: postal delivery system, books delivered by Hongyan, bonfire abroad: there are drift bottles, etc. Special method:

1. Use migratory birds, especially pigeons and geese, as transmission tools. 1. Use special sounds, such as bells, drums, firecrackers, lights and firelights, such as lanterns and beacon towers. 1. Use other signs and decorations, such as luring the enemy.

2. Modern

1. Wired communication transmission, telephone, fax, telegram, television, etc. Wireless communication transmission, walkie-talkie, mobile phone, radio. 3. Digital communication transmission, Internet and digital TV. 4. Paper communication transmission, letters, newspapers, etc.

Ancient times:

China is one of the first countries in the world to establish an organized information transmission system. As early as 3000 years ago, there were records of information transmission in Shang Dynasty.

Post-horse relay is an early organized mode of communication. The "Postman" sculpture is located in Jiayuguan, based on the mural tomb of Wei and Jin Dynasties in Jiayuguan. With a simple document in his hand, the postman galloped at high speed on all fours. This brick mural is regarded as the theme of small stamps by the All-China Philatelic Federation, which shows that Jiayuguan is one of the cradles of information culture in China.

A whole set of evacuation system was formed in Qin and Han Dynasties. Especially in the Han dynasty, the documents delivered were graded, and the documents of different grades should be delivered by special personnel and horses in the prescribed order. Sending and receiving these documents must be registered and marked with time to show responsibility.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the cause of evacuation developed unprecedentedly. The official postal transport line in the Tang Dynasty centered on Chang 'an, the capital city, radiating in all directions and reaching the frontier, with a post station about 30 miles away. According to the Six Codes of the Great Tang Dynasty, at its peak, there were 1 639 post stations in China, with more than 20,000 people specializing in postal services, including 1.7 million post soldiers. There are three kinds of post stations: land post station, waterway post station and waterway post station. Each post station has a post station, equipped with post horses, post donkeys, post boats and post yards.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were also explicit provisions on the itinerary of the post office. Lu Yi trotters walk 6 posts 180 Ali a day, then walk 300 Ali a day, and the fastest day is 500 Li. Pedestrians travel 50 miles a day; Sailing against the current, 40 miles on the river, 50 miles on the river and 60 miles on the other side; When it is good, specify 100 to 150 miles. On November 9th, 14th year of Tianbao, An Lushan rebelled in Fanyang. At that time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was in Huaqing Palace, three thousand miles apart. Within six days, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty learned the news, and the speed of communication reached 500 miles per day. It can be seen that the organization and speed of postal communication in Tang Dynasty reached a high level.

In the Song Dynasty, all official documents and letters were called "delivery", and "express delivery shop" appeared. There is a bronze bell tied to the collar of the riding whistle in a hurry. Running on the road, ringing the bell during the day and lighting a fire at night, the person killed is not responsible. Shopping for horses, shopping for people, rain or shine, day and night. In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei, an anti-gold general, was forcibly recalled to Lin 'an from the front with 12 gold medals by Song Gaozong. This kind of gold medal is a gold plate sent by express delivery, indicating urgency.