The Development Track of European Monetary Union

The bullet train was invented, and a car can move. There are bullet trains woven from bullet trains and trains with mixed unpowered carriages. Flexible grouping and strong acceleration ability. Some bullet trains, bullet trains or hybrid trains even have cabs at both ends, so they can run back and forth without special shunting operations. Convenient. Cool. Perfect? No.

In the early days, each section of the bullet train was self-contained and could not operate with each other. Every bullet train on the train must be operated by someone. However, the commuter line is tortuous, and the commuter train stops and goes. Even the cooperation between experienced old drivers will inevitably lead to mistakes. Once the front car suddenly slows down and then the car just accelerates, it will go to the corner.

Frequent derailment accidents make the emu formation very small, which greatly stifles the flexible advantage of emu formation. Fortunately, the car will eventually find its own way, and a new type of electric locomotive technology-reconnection-has broken the shackles of the development of motor cars. Reconnecting refers to connecting compatible locomotives in a specific way, which is controlled by the cab. The most common means is to connect the control system or power system of several locomotives in the same series with a set of reconnection cables. EMU is developed from electric locomotive, and the reconnection technology generated by electric locomotive is also quickly used on EMU trains. From then on, the hybrid train of bullet train and unpowered car can be completely controlled by one driver. Since then, the EMU was born.

Time:1903 July 8th.

Venue: Berlin, Germany.

Marshalling: EMU+Powerless Car+EMU+EMU+Powerless Car+EMU.

This unpowered car will not cut off the connection between trains because it is also equipped with reconnection lines. In contrast to bullet trains, this kind of unpowered carriage specially prepared for multiple units is called a slave car, which is translated as a trailer in Chinese-although it is sometimes caught in the middle or pushed away.

On August 1903 and 14, the single-phase AC EMU with catenary power supply came out.

1October 28th, 1903, 10, the three-phase AC emu manufactured by Siemens carried out high-speed tests, setting a historical record of 210.2km/h.

At the end of the First World War, diesel locomotives began to spread, and diesel motor cars appeared. After the end of World War II, diesel locomotives can also be reconnected, and diesel multiple units appeared.

In 1970s, France trial-produced the gas turbine high-speed EMU ──TGV-0.

In 1980s, the high-speed railway network extended in Europe, and the TGV traveling at a high speed of 300 km/h became the pride of the French.

In the 1990s, the TGV test speed exceeded 500 km/h.

In the new century, the TGV test speed has exceeded 570 km/h. The CRT test speed in China is over 600 km/h.

However, on most occasions, EMU undertakes the logistics tasks in cities, suburbs and cities. Most of the light rail, subway and foreign intercity trains are EMU. High-speed rail only accounts for a small proportion in EMU.

According to a statistic on the Internet, among the railway systems in various countries/regions in the world, Japan uses the most bullet trains/emus, accounting for 87%; The Netherlands and Britain followed closely, accounting for 83% and 61%respectively; France and Germany followed closely, accounting for 22% and 12% respectively.

China has made breakthroughs in key technologies of EMUs with a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour.

(2015) On August 7th, it was learned from the Ministry of Science and Technology that the High-tech Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology recently organized experts to check and accept the project of "Key Technology Research and Equipment Development for Bogies of Higher Speed EMU" (201KLOC-0/BAG10B00) in Beijing. The project is organized and implemented by Qingdao Science and Technology Bureau. With the joint efforts of CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co., Ltd., Beijing Jiaotong University, Southwest Jiaotong University and Tongji University, a prototype bogie suitable for EMUs with a speed of over 400km/h was developed and verified by bench test. This also marks that China's high-speed rail transit technology has been further improved and improved on the basis of the technical platform of 350 km/h EMU.