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New Year's Day: New Year's Day

China's New Year's Day, according to legend, originated from Zhuan Xu, one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, and has a history of more than 5,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the "Book of Jin": "Emperor Zhuan took the first month of Mengxia as the Yuan Dynasty, which is actually the spring of New Year's Day in Zhengshuo". During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun, a literary historian of the Southern Dynasties, also recorded in his poem "Jie Ya" that "New Year's Day comes to all four seasons, and Spring comes to Wanshou". The "First Month" entry in volume 1 of Wu Zimu's "Mengliang Lu" of the Song Dynasty: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly known as the New Year. This is the first of the first of the first year-old festivals."; in Cui Yuan's "Sanzi Chai Ming" of the Han Dynasty, it is called "Yuanzheng"; it was called "Yuanchen" in Yu Chan's "Yangdu Fu" of the Jin Dynasty; it was called "Yuanchun" in a piece of "Yuanhui Daxiangge Huang Xia Ci" in the Northern Qi Dynasty; it was called "Yuanchun" in Tang Dezong and Li Shi's "Yuanri" It is called "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Retreating from the DPRK to Watch the Army and Return to Camp"

During the excavation of Dawenkou cultural relics in our country, we found a picture of the sun rising from the top of the mountain with clouds and smoke in the middle. After research, this is the oldest way of writing the character "Dan" in my country. Later, the simplified pictogram of "Dan" appeared on the bronze inscriptions of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. The word "Dan" is represented by the round sun. The word "一" under "日" means horizon, which means the sun is rising slowly from the horizon.

Chinese New Year's Day has always referred to the first day of the first lunar month of the Xia calendar (lunar calendar, lunar calendar). Yuan means "beginning" and "beginning", and Dan refers to "days". New Year's Day collectively refers to the "initial days", which is the first day of the year. There are different names in various Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "Datian New Year's Day", some are called "New Year's Day", and generally they are called "New Year's Day".

The date on which the first day of the first lunar month was calculated was also very inconsistent before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the New Year's Day month and day in the past dynasties are not consistent. The lunar calendar of the Xia Dynasty took Meng Xi month (Yuan month) as the first month, the Yin calendar of the Shang dynasty took the twelfth month (December) as the first month, and the Zhou calendar of the Zhou dynasty took the winter month (November) as the first month. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he took Yangchun month (October) as the first month, that is, the first day of October as New Year's Day. Starting from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Meng Xiyue (January) was designated as the first month, and the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first lunar month in the lunar calendar) was called New Year's Day, which was still used until the end of the Qing Dynasty. But this is the lunar calendar, that is, the lunar calendar or the lunar calendar, and it is not what we call New Year's Day today.

In 1911 AD, the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Representatives of the provincial governors met in Nanjing and decided to use the Gregorian calendar, calling the first day of the first lunar month "Spring Festival" and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar "New Year's Day". However, it was not officially announced and named at that time. In order to "make Xia Zhengzheng, so it follows the agricultural time, and it follows the Western calendar, so it is convenient for statistics", it was decided to use the Gregorian calendar in the first year of the Republic of China (actually used in 1912), and stipulated that January 1 of the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) was the "New Year", but it was not It's called "New Year's Day".

What we call "New Year's Day" today is September 27, 1949, the eve of the founding of New China. The first Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, while deciding to establish the People's Republic of China, , also decided to adopt the world-wide AD calendar, which is what we call the Gregorian calendar.

In modern times, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the year. In order to distinguish the two new years of the lunar calendar and the solar calendar, and because the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens to be before and after the lunar new year, the first day of the first lunar month is renamed the "Spring Festival", and January 1 of the solar calendar is designated as the new year. "New Year's Day" began, and was included as a legal holiday and became a happy festival for people across the country.

The earliest origin of New Year's Day was around 50,000 BC. The ancient Egyptians had changed from nomadic herding to farming and settled in On both sides of the Nile, their agricultural harvests are closely related to whether the Nile floods. The ancient Egyptians discovered from long-term observations that the Nile River flooded at regular intervals. They recorded the time on bamboo poles each time, and learned that there were approximately 365 days between two flooding times. They also discovered that , when the first rising tide of the Nile River reached today's Cairo city, it happened to be the time when the sun and Sirius rose from the horizon at the same time.

Therefore, the ancient Egyptians designated this day as the beginning of the year. This is the earliest origin of "New Year's Day".

[Edit this paragraph] The meaning of New Year's Day

"Yuan" means the beginning, and "Dan" refers to the time of dawn, and also refers to the day. New Year's Day is the first day of the year.

The word "New Year's Day" first came from the poem "Jie Ya" by Xiao Ziyun of the Southern Dynasties: "The four qi are new to the New Year's Day, and Wanshou is the beginning of the present dynasty." The "First Month" entry in Volume 1 of Wu Zimu's "Meng Liang Lu" in the Song Dynasty: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day. It is commonly called the New Year. This is the first of the festivals of the first year. It is called "Yuan Zheng" in Cui Yuan's "San Zi Chai Ming" in the Han Dynasty; it is called "Yuan Chen" in "Yang Du Fu" by Yu Chan in the Jin Dynasty. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was called "Yuan Chun" in an article called "Yuan Hui Da Xiang Ge Huang Xia Ci"; in Tang Dezong Li Shi's poem "Retreating from the DPRK to Watch the Army and Return to Camp on the Yuan Day", it was called "Yuan Shuo". Traditionally, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the first lunar month of the lunar calendar. There are different names in various Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "Datian New Year's Day", some are called "New Year's Day", and generally they are called "New Year's Day".

The month and day of New Year’s Day in our country are not consistent in the past dynasties. In the Xia Dynasty, it was on the first day of the first lunar month, in the Shang Dynasty, it was on the first day of the twelfth lunar month, and in the Zhou Dynasty, it was the first day of the eleventh lunar month. After Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, he designated the first day of the lunar month as New Year's Day, and it has remained unchanged since then ("Historical Records"). In the first year of Emperor Taichu of the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian created the "Taichu Calendar", and then the first day of the first lunar month was designated as New Year's Day, which was the same as the Xia Dynasty regulations, so it was also called the "Xia Calendar", which was used until the Revolution of 1911. After the founding of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen, in order to "run the summer season", followed the agricultural season; according to the Western calendar, he designated the first day of the first lunar month (New Year's Day) as the Spring Festival, and January 1 in the Western calendar as the New Year.

In modern times, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the year in the Christian era. Since the introduction of the Western calendar into our country, the term New Year's Day has been exclusively used for the New Year. The traditional Old Calendar year was called the Spring Festival.

Before that, New Year's Day was used. It always refers to the first day of the lunar calendar. Yuan means "beginning" and "beginning", and dan refers to "day". New Year's Day collectively refers to the "initial day", which is the first day of the year.

On September 27, 1949, the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference resolved: "The Chinese People's Liberation Army and the People's Republic of China adopt the AD calendar system", which is what we call the Gregorian calendar. In order to distinguish the lunar calendar and the two new years of the Gregorian calendar, and since the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens to be before and after the lunar new year, the first day of the first lunar month was renamed the "Spring Festival", and the first day of the first lunar month was designated as "New Year's Day". , New Year's Day has become a happy holiday for people across the country.

Celebrating the beginning of the New Year can be said to be a common custom in all regions of the world.

In our country, it is also included in the legal system. Holidays. Our country and most countries and regions in the world adopt the Gregorian calendar and designate January 1st as the beginning of the new year, which is called "New Year's Day".

Due to the different longitude positions of various countries in the world, The time of each country is also different, so the date of "New Year's Day" is also different. For example, the island country of Tonga in Oceania is located on the west side of the date line. It is the first place in the world to celebrate New Year's Day. Western Samoa, on the east side of the date line, is the latest place in the world to start a new day. According to the Gregorian calendar, our country is the 12th country in the world to start the New Year.

[Edit this paragraph] The origin of New Year's Day

In 46 BC, Caesar of ancient Rome designated this day as the beginning of the Western New Year. In order to bless Janus, the door god in Roman mythology, Janus later evolved into the English word January. . It was originally thought that the Pope regarded the birth year of Jesus as the first year of the Christian era, and January 1st was also related to Jesus. But now it seems that this is not the case. According to the common belief in Western Christianity, Christmas Day should be December 25th. Therefore, the Western New Year is not as solemn as Christmas.