In which dynasty did the history of Nantong in Jiangsu begin?

Nantong City, Jiangsu Province has a long history. About 6500 years ago, the western part of Hai 'an County in Nantong City and the northwest part of Rugao City had landed. 1973 found a large number of Neolithic relics in Qingdun Brigade of Shagang Commune, Hai 'an County. 1984 found Neolithic cultural sites in Jijiadun, Zheng Long Township, Hai 'an County, indicating that humans lived in this area as early as the Neolithic Age.

Nantong landform map

China's First Axe Unearthed from Qingdun Site

= = Before the Qin Dynasty = =

Hai 'an County in Nantong has a long history and is the source of Nantong (Jianghai) culture.

In the early years of the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Wuwang named Han Yu Ji Shu. In the north, it is bounded by Huaiyi, a small country with won surname in the lower reaches of Huaihe River, with the Yellow Sea in the east, Wu across the river in the south, and Zong, Liu, Ying and Meng (now Shucheng, Lu 'an and Huoqiu in Anhui Province) in the west. Nantong belongs to the Han Dynasty (at that time, except Hai 'an, most other areas in Nantong did not form land, but were still in the sea).

In the thirty-fourth year of the Zhou Dynasty (486 BC), Fu Cha, the king of Wu, destroyed the country and "occupied the Central Plains in the north, sealing its people between the Jianghuai (national danger and Wu language)", belonging to the State of Wu.

In the twelfth year of the Spring and Autumn Period (483 BC), Lu Aigong discussed the alliance between Lu, Wei and Song in Wu Guozhong (now Li Fa Township, Hai 'an County). "In autumn, the guild and the Song Dynasty died in the clouds ("Zuo Zhuan "mourned for twelve years).

In the fifth year (473 BC), Gou Jian, the king of Yue, destroyed Wu, and the land belonged to Yue.

In the thirty-seventh year of King Xian of Zhou (333 BC), Chu Weiwang was destroyed and the land returned to Chu.

Qin and Han dynasties =

The early Qin Dynasty belonged to Donghai County, and Qin Shihuang once stationed troops in Junshan | Xiangshan (now Junshan).

In the early years of Emperor Gaozu, the land belonged to Dongyang County.

In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu (the first 202 years), the land belonged to Chu State (the vassal state of the Western Han Dynasty) | Chu State.

In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu (20 1 ago), the land belonged to Jing State (the vassal state of the Western Han Dynasty) | Jing State.

In the 12th year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (BC 195), my nephew Liu Bi was made King of Wu, belonging to the Kingdom of Wu (the vassal state of the Western Han Dynasty) | Wu. Liu Ying made a lot of money and boiled salt at home, and recruited industry and commerce and "Ren Xia traitors" to expand the separatist forces.

In the third year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (before 154), the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms was put down | After the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms of Wu and Chu, the country was divided into Jiangdu (the vassal state of the Western Han Dynasty) | Jiangdu.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty held the founding ceremony for six years (before 1 17), and established Hailing County, which belongs to Linhuai County.

In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (former 106), it belonged to Linhuai County, Xuzhou.

During the New Dynasty | Xin Mang period (8-23 years), Hailing changed to Pavilion, which belonged to Hu Aiping County.

Hailing County was restored in the Eastern Han Dynasty, belonging to Guangling County of Xuzhou.

= = Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties = =

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Cao Wei | Wei. Cao Cao "was afraid that the riverside counties would be occupied by some powerful people, but he was ordered to move inward and surprised the people ..." (Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi and Jiang Ji), and forced the immigrants to be abandoned for a gap.

Wu Dadi Chiwu four years (24 1), Lv Dai, a county native, recruited villagers to return.

In the first year of Jin Taikang (280), Hailing County was restored, belonging to Guangling County of Xuzhou.

In the fifth year of Yongjia (365,438+065,438+0), after the Yongjia Rebellion, the population in the northern region moved south to escape the war, and some of them moved to Hailing.

In the seventh year of Jin 'an Emperor Yi Xi (4 1 1), Guangling was located in Hailing County, belonging to South Yanzhou.

In the seventh year of Ming Di in the Southern Song Dynasty (47 1), Hai 'an County was located in the west of Ninghai County (Hai 'an was named "Never Make Waves" because seawater often flooded farmland), and later merged into Ninghai County, belonging to Xinping County.

During the Liang Wudi period of the Southern Dynasty (502-549), a big sandbar-Hudouzhou (also known as Hudouzhou, now Nantong) appeared in the Yangtze River estuary.

In the sixth year of Emperor Liang Yuan's reign in the Southern Dynasties (552), Hou Jing was defeated in chaos and tried to occupy Hudouzhou, which was later captured by Wang Sengbian.

= = Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties = =

Photo: monk.jpg Jian Zhen | Thumb | 150px | Monk Jian Zhen.

During the reign of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty (58 1-604), the land belonged to Yangzhou General Political Department.

In the first year of Yang Di's great cause (605), Yangzhou General Government was revoked and was located in Jiangdu County, which belonged to Jiangdu County.

In the first year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (6 18), Hudouzhou was a salt pavilion. "There are many people in Hu Douzhou, and cooking salt is an industry (Taiping Yuhuan), which belongs to Guangling County, Yangzhou.

In the tenth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (722), a salt official was established, belonging to Hailing County and Huainan Road in Yangzhou.

In the seventh year of Tianbao (748), when Jian Zhen | Jian Zhen, a monk, crossed Japan for the fifth time, he "started at Chongfu Temple, took a boat to Yangzhou Xinhe, and went down to Langshan in Changzhou (Tang Dynasty and Journey to the West)". At this time, Hudouzhou was already a big sandbar with a length of 80 miles from east to west and 35 miles from north to south (Tang Dynasty 1 equivalent to 0.56 km).

In the second year of Tang Xizong (875), Langshan was under the jurisdiction of my envoy on Zhejiang West Road, and Hudouzhou, north of Langshan, was also under the jurisdiction of Changzhou on Zhejiang West Road.

God bless four years (907) Wu (Ten Kingdoms) | Yao Village of Wu ruled Hudou and Erzhou, and served as the ambassador of Jinghai Town in Dongzhou. Later, Yao Ting was announced as the ambassador of Jinghai Navy in Dongzhou.

/kloc-At the beginning of the 0 th century, Hudouzhou was connected with another sandbar, Nanzhouzhou, and the whole sandbar extended eastward to Changbao Town, Haimen City.

In 937, in the first year of the Liezu of the Southern Tang Dynasty, the Southern Tang Dynasty replaced Wu (Ten Kingdoms) | Wu State to establish Jinghaidu Town as a courtyard, which means "the coastal area is calm". Yaocun stopped Hong Yan, Sun Yao, Haidu Town, Ren Jing, and made Jinghai Ambassador, and set it in Rugao County, which belongs to Taizhou.

In 956 ad, in the third year of Xiande, the late Lord Zhou led troops to take the land north of the Yangtze River in the Southern Tang Dynasty.

In the fifth year of Xiande (958), Jinghaidu Town was upgraded to a still water division, which was subordinate to Yangzhou and changed to Tongzhou, meaning convenient water transportation, governing Jinghai and Haimen counties, and governing Jinghai by the state; In the same year, Wang Delin, the deputy envoy of Jinghai inspection in the later Zhou Dynasty, built a city in Tongzhou, "four doors and seventy steps on Saturday"

In the sixth year of virtue (959), Tao Wei was rewarded, and the north gate was robbed, making the town strong. "This is the beginning of the formal construction of Nantong.

= = Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties = =

In the first year of Song Renzong Tiansheng (1023), Tongzhou was renamed Chongzhou or Chongchuan because of taboo.

In the second year of Ming Dow (1033), it was renamed Tongzhou, which belongs to Huainan East Road and governs Jinghai and Haimen counties.

During the Qing Dynasty (104 1- 1048), Dongbuzhou (Haimen Island) was connected with the land again. Langshan Mountain is gradually connected with the land, and most of the land in Nantong has become land. It belongs to Huainan East Road.

In the fifth year of Jiayou (1060), Hu Yuan, an educator, pioneer of Neo-Confucianism and a county native, died.

Song Huizong Zhenghe period (1 1 1 year-118 years), "it is known that Guo Ning blocked the north gate and changed its strong camp into Xuanwu Temple".

In the first year of Xuanhe (1 1 19), Wang Jun, a county native, was the first scholar to take an examination of imperial academy.

In the seventh year of Zheng He (1 1 17), Tongzhou was once promoted to Jinghai County, and later renamed Tongzhou, which belonged to Yangzhou.

In the fifth year of Song Duzong Xianchun (1269), in order to save transportation, Huaibei made Li Tingzhi cut off the river for forty miles and divided it into two freight yards, Jinsha and Qing Yu.

At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Tongzhou was once ruled by the Jin and Yuan Dynasties and was ravaged, especially when the Mongols entered the city for the second time, and the slaughter was very cruel.

In the second year of Song Gongdi Deyou (1276), the Yuan army moved eastward, and Wen Tianxiang was sent to Yuan Ying to negotiate, detained and escorted north. At the end of February, he died one night with his guests Du Hu and Yeong-jae Kim Zhou Zhen. Take a boat south, pass by Nantong, and write''''' "From Hailing to Hai 'an, it's as clear as a ghost gate. Looking back at the car, when will the tired bird return? (Fa Hailing) ""is a famous sentence throughout the ages.

Tongzhou was still established in the early Yuan Dynasty, belonging to Yangzhou Road.

In the 15th year of Yuan Dynasty (1278), Yuan Shizu was promoted to Tongzhou Road, and the Governor's Office was set up, which belonged to the Lian Fang Department of Lianghuaihuai East Road, and the Wan Hu House guarded its land.

In the 21st year of Zhiyuan (1284), it was re-established as Tongzhou, belonging to Yangzhou Road, and moved to Huaidong Road, north of the Yangtze River.

In the 13th year of Zheng Zhi, Yuan Shundi (1353), in May, Zhang Shicheng, Ding Yan, Dafeng, set out to occupy Taizhou and Tongzhou.

In July of the 27th year (1367), Zhu Yuanzhang sent Xu Da to conquer Tongzhou.

In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1368), thousands of households were set up and Jinghai County was abandoned. Tongzhou directly governs Jinghai, Linghaimen and Chongming counties, and belongs to Yangzhou Prefecture.

In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), Chongming County was placed under Suzhou, and Tongzhou was only a county with territorial waters.

In the second year of Yongle (1404), the Japanese army began to invade Tongzhou.

In July (15 12), Liu Chen and Qi Yanming of Hebei Province led an army floating under the river and moored at Langshan Port. The governor sent troops to fight the rebels in Langshan, Qi Yanming died, and Liu Chen fell into the water and died.

During the Jiajing period of Sejong in Ming Dynasty (1522- 1566), Tongzhou was divided into 6 townships and 6 games.

In April of the thirty-third year of Jiajing (1554), the Japanese army besieged Tongzhou and led the troops to repel Ming Dow. Thousands of households in Yangzhou, Hong Dai and Wen Changling, and thousands of households in Taizhou, Wang Lie, led troops to support Tongzhou's anti-Japanese war and died in battle.

In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing (1555), in March, the Japanese invaded Tongzhou and Langshan, and Yin Nai resisted the enemy and became a martyr. Zhang Jingxian, the deputy envoy of Huaiyang, led the army to defeat the Japanese army in the south of Zhoucheng, killing more than 20 people.

In the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing (1556), the Japanese invaded Tongzhou three times, and successively prepared an assistant envoy Ma Shen for the soldiers who were well-known in Yunan and Huaiyang to lead the masses to repel.

In April of the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing (1557), Japanese troops invaded from Hong Kong and looted Baipu Town. The horse and his men surrounded Chenjiazhuang. Number two, I ran away. Cao Ding, the county magistrate, chased him to Shanjiadian (Pingchao Town). Because of the rain and slippery road, his horse slipped and died.

In April of the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing (1559), the enemy fled to Tongzhou, and Deng Cheng, deputy general of Langshan, failed to prevent thieves. The Japanese army advanced to Baipu and searched for Yangzhou through Rugao. Liu Jingshao, the deputy commander of Huaiyang soldiers, and Qiu Sheng, a guerrilla, led the troops to win three of the three wars, and the Japanese army returned to Tongzhou, and the whole army was wiped out.

In the 26th year of Wanli in Ming Shenzong (1598), it is well known that Wang Cheng built a new city with stones from Junshan and Jianshan instead of bricks, with Wangjianglou as the gate in the south and the old city as the gate in the north, which made it as close as lips and teeth. The new and old city looks like a gourd, so it is also called Hulu City.

In the thirty-second year of Wanli (1604), the governor, the county magistrate and the minister of war of Jilin and Liao died.

In the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), it belonged to Yangzhou Prefecture, jiangnan province. It was June 15 (August 6) of a leap year, and stars fell down. The next day, citizens Su Ruche and Li Wei resisted the Qing court's order to shave their hair and killed Li Qiao, the magistrate. In July, the Qing soldiers arrived and Su and Ming were killed.

Shunzhi three years (1646), the deputy governor of the state government (from the second product) guarded.

In July of the tenth year of Shunzhi (1653), the citizens of the state could not recover and were suppressed by Qian Guo Qi and Han Kegui.

In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1 year), the deputy commander-in-chief was changed to the chief military officer guarding Langshan.

In the sixth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1667), it belonged to Yangzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province.

In the 11th year of Kangxi (1672), Haimen abandoned the county as a township and merged into Tongzhou due to the collapse of the river bank. After Kangxi, the new city was in disrepair and gradually abandoned, but the moat outside the new city still existed.

In the 15th year of Kangxi (1676), storyteller Liu Jingting died.

In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), Li Yu, a writer, dramatist and county native, passed away.

In the second year of Emperor Sejong Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (1724), Tongzhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, which was different from Tongzhou in Shuntianfu, Zhili, so it was called Nantong Prefecture, which was under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Buzheng Department and governed Rugao and Taixing counties.

Li, one of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, died in twenty years (1755).

After twenty-six years of Qianlong (176 1), he was transferred to Jiangning.

In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong (1789), Hu Changling, a county native, was the top scholar.

In the second year of Daoguang reign of Xuanzong in Qing Dynasty (1822), Dai Liankui, a bachelor of cabinet, a minister of war and a county magistrate, died.

In the second year of Tongzhi in Mu Zong in Qing Dynasty (1863), the people in the county responded to the Taiping Army and asked for the banner of righteousness in Junshan, which was suppressed by officers and men.

Five years of Tongzhi (1866), in May, the kitchen people reclaimed the sea and clashed with salt merchants. The company commander Deng Longbiao sent troops to arrest the cook, but he was resisted. After the defeat, the officers and men lied that "the kitchen people rebelled and would take advantage of the virtual siege", and Li Hongzhang, governor of Liangjiang, sent troops to arrest them, killing more than 2,000 people.

In the 20th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1894), Zhang Jian, a county native, was the top scholar.

Xuantongyuannian (1909) was divided into three urban areas, 10 towns and 8 townships.

In the second year of Xuantong (19 10), urban areas and townships were changed to cities, and townships were changed to townships.

= = Republic of China = =

In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), after the outbreak of Qi Yi in Wuchang, Xu (word, right camp guerrilla in Langshan Town) arrived in Shanghai, and held a recovery ceremony in the yamen of the company commanders in Chengdong Street on June 5438+065438+1October 8, and established a military government.

19 12 Tongzhou was changed to a county. In order to distinguish it from Tongxian County in Hebei Province, it was renamed Nantong County and Nantong County Government was established.

Zhang Jian, a top scholar, industrialist and educator in the late Qing Dynasty, founded Tongzhou Normal School in Nantong | The first normal school in China, the first museum run by China people in Nantong | The first textile school in China | The first embroidery school in China | The first drama school in China and the first deaf-mute school in China |. And according to the concept of modern city, Nantong is planned and built in an all-round way, so Nantong is known as "the first city in modern times | the first city in modern times in China." ''

19 14 to 1927, Nantong, Rugao, Jingjiang and Taixing are under the jurisdiction of Su Changdao, while Haimen and Chongming are under the jurisdiction of Shanghai Island.

On April 3rd, 1930, the 14th Army of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants, the only Red Army in Jiangsu, was proclaimed in Nantong.

1934 Nantong administrative supervision district Commissioner's office was established, which governs Nantong, Chongming, Qidong, Haimen, Rugao and Jingjiang counties.

During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the anti-Japanese democratic government was established in March of 194 1.

During the War of Liberation, the administrative offices of Tong Dong, Tong Hai, Tong Xi and Tong Ru were established, and the Commissioner's Office of Jiangsu Fourth Administrative Region was established in Rudong to rebuild the first and ninth administrative regions of Jiangsu and Anhui (Central China).

= = After the founding of the People's Republic = =

1February, 949, after the liberation of Nantong, Nantong was established, which was under the administration of northern Jiangsu, and Ye was the first mayor.

1953 65438+ 10/0/The People's Government of Jiangsu Province was established and Nantong Special Zone was established. Nantong District governs Tongzhou | Nantong, Rugao, Rudong, Hai 'an, Qidong, Chongming, Haimen and other seven counties, and set up Nantong City.

From 65438 to 0958, Nantong, which was originally under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province, was placed under the leadership of Nantong Society. Chongming county is allocated to Shanghai. Nantong social administration 1 city 6 counties.

1962, changed to a provincial city, separated from Nantong area.

1970, unified in the whole province, changed to a region, specializing in Nantong. Jurisdiction over Nantong, Rugao, Rudong, Hai 'an, Qidong and Haimen 6 counties.

From 65438 to 0983, Nantong area merged with Nantong city, and the system of city governing county was implemented. Nantong, Rugao, Rudong, Hai 'an, Qidong and Haimen in Nantong area are under the leadership of Nantong City, which has jurisdiction over urban areas and suburbs, and Nantong City has jurisdiction over 6 counties and 2 districts.

From 65438 to 0984, with the approval of the State Council, Nantong became one of the first coastal open cities in China.

Since June 1989 1 1, with the approval of the State Council, Qidong, Haimen, Rugao and Nantong have successively withdrawn their counties to set up cities, which are still managed by Nantong. Nantong County was renamed Tongzhou City.

1991May, with the approval of the State Council, Nantong City was renamed Chongchuan District, and its suburbs were renamed Gangzha District.

1997 Nantong has jurisdiction over Qidong, Rugao, Tongzhou, Haimen, Hai 'an, Rudong, Chongchuan and Gangzha.

As a native of Nantong, I am extremely proud!