50 coal miners' safety knowledge

The safety attitude of coal miners is of great significance to prevent coal mine accidents. How much do you know about the safety knowledge of coal miners? The following are 50 pieces of safety knowledge about coal miners that I have compiled for your reference and understanding. I hope you like it!

50 coal miners' safety knowledge

First, enter the well.

1. Coal mine is a high-risk industry. Eat well, sleep well and have a good rest before entering the well. Never drink alcohol to keep energetic.

2, open flame and static electricity can lead to gas explosion and fire, can't wear chemical fiber clothes and carry cigarettes and ignition items under the well.

3. Wear a miner's lamp, safety helmet and self-rescuer before entering the well. You can't work in the well without proper equipment or equipment.

When carrying sharp tools, please cover the sheath to prevent injury.

5. Through the pre-shift meeting, you can understand the safety production situation in the workplace, make clear the safety precautions, master the preventive measures and ensure the safety of the operation, so you should attend the pre-shift meeting on time.

6, consciously abide by the "into the well physical examination system", obey the command, queue up into the well, accept the medical examination.

Second, safe riding

7, up and down the well by tank, by car, by belt to obey the command, can't play, rob to step on.

8, according to the quota by tank, by car, and close the cage door, car door, hang up the protective chain. You can't ride on a motorcycle or between two cars.

9. It is very dangerous to mix people and goods. Don't take materials with you, such as cages, harvesters and belts.

10. It is forbidden to get up and down when the driving signal has been issued and the cage, people and cars have not stopped.

1 1. When transporting initiating explosive devices, you must obey the arrangement of management personnel, and never take the tank or bus with people on duty and off duty at the same time.

12. When driving on tanks, cars and belts, you can't lie down and doze off in tanks and cars, and you can't put your head, hands, feet and tools out of cages and cars; Do not lie on your back, doze off, stand or walk on your belt, and do not use the walking belt to help.

13. When riding a "monkey car" (stepless rope winch), don't touch the rope pulley, but keep it steady.

14. When walking in the roadway, walk on the sidewalk, don't walk in the middle of the track, don't cross the electric locomotive track and winch road at will, and pay attention to avoid colliding with others and touching the overhead line when carrying long tools. When the vehicle approaches, immediately enter the refuge chamber for temporary refuge.

15. When crossing an alley, a bend or an intersection, it is necessary to "stop once, look twice and pass three times"; No one can pass through the bottom of vertical shaft and inclined shaft; When walking in an inclined lane that is also a pedestrian, don't walk with the vehicle according to the regulation of "pedestrians don't drive, people don't drive".

16. The places with fences and danger warning signs are very dangerous and cannot be entered without authorization; Blasting often hurts people, so it is forbidden to forcibly cross the blasting warning line and enter the blasting warning zone.

17. It is forbidden to pick cars, jump cars and take harvesters, and it is forbidden to walk on the scraper conveyor; In the roadway of belt conveyor, it is not allowed to drill through or cross the conveyor belt.

Third, disaster prevention.

18. gas is a colorless, odorless and odorless gas released in the process of coal mining, which has four major hazards: first, it can burn and cause mine fires; Second, it will explode, leading to mine destruction and death; Third, when the concentration is too high, it will lead to hypoxia, suffocation and even death; four

Coal (rock) and gas outburst will occur, destroy and block the roadway, and even cause suffocation and gas explosion.

19. Gas accidents can be prevented. As long as the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" and relevant rules and regulations are conscientiously implemented to prevent gas accumulation and fire sources, gas accidents can be prevented.

20. Monitoring is an important measure to effectively prevent gas accumulation. Attention should be paid to monitoring equipment; It is not allowed to raise the alarm value of the monitoring probe, destroy the gas monitoring probe or block the gas monitoring probe with dirt, pulverized coal and other items without authorization because of the alarm and power failure of the monitoring system.

2 1. Underground ventilation facilities such as air duct, air door, wind bridge and wind barrier are the most important infrastructure to provide fresh air for miners and prevent gas accumulation and gas accidents. Once these ventilation facilities are destroyed, it may cause airflow disorder, lead to gas accidents and cause heavy casualties; Therefore, first, we should consciously care for underground ventilation facilities; Second, when passing through the air door, it should be closed immediately, and two air doors should not be opened at the same time, so as not to cause short circuit of air flow.

When the ventilation facilities are found to be damaged, abnormal or insufficient air volume, they should be reported and repaired in time.

22. Tunneling face is one of the most prone places to gas accumulation and gas accidents. Ensuring the normal operation of local ventilator can effectively prevent gas accidents. Local ventilators are generally managed by special personnel, and others are not allowed to stop using them at will.

23. In the case of gas overrun, the working face still insists on production operation, which is easy to cause serious casualties. Various rules and regulations stipulate that it is strictly forbidden to work beyond the gas limit:

When the gas concentration in the return air lane of the mining area and the return air lane of the mining face exceeds 65438 0% or the carbon dioxide exceeds 65438 0.5%, the operation must be stopped and the overrun area must be evacuated.

When the gas concentration in the wind flow within 20 meters near the mining face and other work sites or the installation site of the motor or its switch reaches 65438 0.5%, it is also necessary to stop working and evacuate the overrun area.

24. The sparks generated by miner's lamps and mechanical and electrical equipment will cause gas explosion and mine fire, causing heavy casualties. Therefore, the miner's lamp can't be disassembled, knocked or hit at will, and the electrical equipment is not allowed to be overhauled or moved with electricity, let alone the Ming Dow switch.

25. Gas explosions caused by smoking occur from time to time. In order to ensure the personal safety of all miners underground, it is forbidden to smoke and use ignition items such as matches and lighters underground.

26. When one or more of the following signs appear, coal and gas outburst may occur. Therefore, when the following signs are observed, the operation must be stopped immediately, evacuated from the operation site, and reported to the relevant departments.

Silent signs: the pressure on the roof of the working face increases, the coal wall is squeezed out, the spalling falls off, the roof sinks or the floor bulges, the bedding of the coal seam is disordered, the coal body is dim, the coal quality becomes soft, the coal wall shines, the gas in the airflow of the working face is large or small, and there are phenomena such as roof, jamming and spraying when drilling holes.

Audible signals: the coal seam emits cracking sound, muffled thunder sound, machine gun sound and coal cannon sound. The sound is from far to near, from small to large, with short and continuous intervals. Coal wall vibration or impact, roof weighting, support cracking.

27. Coal dust in some coal mines is explosive. Once coal dust explosion happens, it will cause mine damage and death, and the consequences are very serious; But as long as we seriously implement the "coal mine safety regulations"

And effective implementation of coal seam water injection, wet drilling, use of water gun mud, water spraying, washing roadway side and other comprehensive dust prevention measures, coal dust explosion can be completely prevented. When working underground, take good care of dust-proof facilities and equipment, and do not disassemble or damage them at will.

28. Roof accidents are the most common and prone accidents, so attention should be paid to prevention. When one or more of the following symptoms appear, measures should be taken in time to prevent them: noise from the roof and bracket; Slag falling from the roof; Coal wall spalling; Cracks appear in the roof; Roof layering; Direct roof leakage, etc.

29. The following methods can be used to observe whether roof caving will occur:

The first is knocking at the door for help. That is, tapping the roof with a steel drill or pickaxe, the sound is crisp and loud, indicating that the roof is intact; The sound of "empty" or "buzzing" indicates that the roof rock has been separated from the strata and is in danger of caving, so measures should be taken to sort out the separated rock blocks.

The second is to hit the wooden wedge. In other words, drive a small wedge into the crack in the roof. If the wedge is found to be loose or loose after a period of time, it means that the crack is expanding and the roof is in danger of falling, and measures should be taken to deal with it.

The third is vibration observation. That is, one hand holds the roof and the other hand knocks on the roof with a chisel or pick. If the roof vibrates, even if the cracking sound is not heard, it means that the existing roof rocks are separated from the layer and are in danger of falling off, so it should be prevented in time.

30. The consequences of underground fire are very serious, which will cause heavy casualties and property losses, and also cause gas and coal dust explosions, further expanding the disaster. Great attention should be paid to the prevention of mine fires: first, do not use light bulbs for heating underground and use electric stoves and open flames; Second, it is not allowed to engage in electric and gas welding operations without approval; Third, you can't spill the remaining oil and waste oil at will, and you can't throw away flammable items such as used cotton yarn, cloth head and paper at will.

3 1. The early stage of fire is the best time to put out the fire, so you should actively learn to use fire-fighting equipment and master fire-fighting knowledge. When there is a fire, if the fire is not big, you can directly organize people around you to put out the fire; If the fire is large or too fierce, the on-site personnel are unable to rescue and their own safety is threatened, they should quickly wear self-rescuer to evacuate the disaster area or act according to the instructions of the leaders.

32. Mine flood accident is one of the five major natural disasters in coal mines, and it also causes heavy casualties. When one or more of the following signs are observed, it is necessary to stop the operation, find out the situation, report the situation to the leader or dispatching room immediately, and evacuate the area threatened by water disaster: wet working face, dripping water on the roof, rock swelling, floor heave, ground pressure increase, roof caving, support deformation and water crying.

33. Accidents often occur in water exploration operations. When exploring water, the adit must be opened in advance, the support must be strengthened, the contact signal and disaster avoidance route should be specified, and the gas should be checked regularly. Do not easily move, pull out the drill pipe or release water without authorization when encountering abnormal conditions during drilling, and report to the leader or dispatching room in time. In case of emergency, evacuate immediately.

34. Explosives will produce explosion flame in the process of explosion, and improper preventive measures will cause gas explosion, and gas accidents caused by blasting operations will occur from time to time. In order to prevent gas accidents caused by blasting operation, the system of "one shot, three inspections" (checking gas concentration before charging, before blasting and after blasting) must be strictly implemented in blasting operation. When the gas concentration in the airflow within 20 meters near the blasting site reaches 65,438 0%, charging blasting is strictly prohibited. Special detonators must be used for underground blasting operations, and open flames are strictly prohibited.

Close), Ming socket blasting; Boreholes must be plugged with stemming and water stemming as required. It is forbidden to block the blasthole with pulverized coal or other flammable materials, and it is forbidden to blast when there is no stemming or insufficient stemming.

Fourth, emergency disaster avoidance.

35. Effective self-help and mutual aid can reduce accident casualties and save the lives of yourself and others. Therefore, we should actively learn and master the knowledge of mine disaster prevention and self-help and mutual rescue, and be familiar with the route of underground disaster avoidance.

36. After the accident, calling the police in time can increase the chance of rescue and win the time of rescue. After the accident, make full use of the nearby telephone or send someone to report the accident to the leader or dispatching room quickly.

37. In the process of avoiding disasters, keep calm, calmly respond, don't panic, don't yell, don't run around; Obey discipline, obey orders and never act alone.

38. When emergency evacuation from the scene of the accident, to meet the romantic, upwind wellhead evacuation, and leave a sign along the way.

39. When it is impossible to evacuate the disaster area safely, you should quickly enter the pre-built refuge cavern or other safe places for temporary refuge, leave a clear sign outside the cavern, and knock on the track or iron pipe from time to time to send a distress signal. When the evacuation route is blocked, don't venture through the fire area, and don't swim through the passage blocked by water.

40, rescue suffocation or cardiac arrest of the wounded, should first recovery, after handling; When rescuing the bleeding wounded, stop bleeding first and then carry it; When rescuing the fracture wounded, they should be fixed first and then transported.

4 1. Proper disaster avoidance can avoid or reduce casualties: in case of gas and coal dust explosion accidents, you should lie down with your back to the direction of air vibration and face down quickly, and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to prevent inhaling a lot of toxic gases; At the same time, put on the self-rescuer quickly, and choose a place with strong roof, water or near water to avoid.

When encountering a fire accident, we must first recognize the disaster situation and our own actual situation. If you can put out the fire, you should put out the fire. If you can't put out the fire, you should evacuate or avoid it quickly, save yourself or wait for rescue.

When encountering a flood accident, try to avoid the sudden head. When it is difficult to avoid, grab the solid objects around you and take a deep breath. After the head has passed, save yourself and help each other.

In case of coal and gas outburst accident, you must quickly put on the isolation self-rescuer or enter the compressed air self-rescue device or enter the refuge cavern.

V rights, obligations and rights maintenance of coal miners

42. Have the right to know, supervise and make suggestions on the safety production of enterprises, and have the right to ask coal mining enterprises to provide the safety production of enterprises, and to know the hidden dangers of accidents, preventive measures and emergency methods existing in workplaces and jobs.

43. Have the right to provide pre-job safety education and training for coal mining enterprises according to law. Coal mining enterprises without safety education and training have the right to refuse to work at their posts.

44. Have the right to resist illegal command and refuse risky operations, and have the right to stop illegal operations.

45. In case of emergency that directly endangers personal safety, have the right to stop operation, evacuate the workplace and take emergency measures.

46. Have the obligation to consciously abide by the relevant laws, regulations and rules of the state.

47. Have the obligation to take good care of production equipment and facilities and use safety protection articles correctly.

48. Have the obligation to report the danger in time and participate in emergency rescue and disaster relief.

49. Those injured at work have the right to claim compensation from enterprises according to law, and enjoy work-related injuries and social insurance.