Prevention and early warning mechanism of the National Flood Control and Drought Relief Emergency Plan

3.1.1 Meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic information

Meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic departments at all levels should strengthen the monitoring and forecasting of local disastrous weather, and report the results in a timely manner to relevant flood control and drought relief command structure. When severe floods, droughts and storm surges are forecast, local flood control and drought relief command agencies should give early warning and notify relevant areas to make relevant preparations. When a river flood occurs, the hydrology department should shorten the test period and report the test results in a timely manner. Rain and water conditions should be reported to the National Defense Headquarters within 2 hours, and water conditions at important sites should be reported to the National Defense Headquarters within 30 minutes. In order to prevent floods and droughts, Provide the basis for timely command and decision-making by the command organization.

3.l.2 Project information

When rivers flood above warning levels, embankment management units at all levels should strengthen project monitoring and monitor embankments, culverts, pumping stations and other projects The operation status of the facilities shall be reported to the superior engineering management department and the flood control and drought relief command agency at the same level. Major dangers such as important embankments and culverts on the main streams of major rivers should be reported to the National Defense Headquarters within 4 hours after the danger occurs.

When embankments, culvert gates, pumping stations and other structures that cross the embankment are in danger or are hit by excessive floods or other force majeure factors that may burst, the project management unit should quickly organize rescue operations and provide emergency services as soon as possible. Provide timely warnings to relevant areas that may be flooded, and accurately report to higher-level embankment management departments and flood control and drought relief command agencies at the same level.

When the reservoir water level exceeds the flood limit level, the reservoir management unit shall dispatch according to the flood dispatch plan approved by the flood control and drought relief command agency with jurisdiction, and its project operation status shall be reported to the flood control and drought relief command agency. When a dangerous situation occurs in the reservoir, the reservoir management unit should immediately issue an early warning to the downstream, quickly deal with the dangerous situation, and report to the superior authority and the flood control and drought relief command agency at the same level. Major dangers in large reservoirs should be reported to the National Defense Administration within 4 hours after the danger occurs. When a reservoir encounters excessive floods or other force majeure factors and may burst the dam, an early warning should be issued to the inundation range determined by the reservoir dam breach flood risk map to gain time for the safe transfer of the masses.

3.1.3 Flood disaster information

(1) Flood disaster information mainly includes: time, location, scope of disaster, affected population and property, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, transportation , postal and telecommunications, water and electricity facilities, etc. losses.

(2) After the occurrence of floods, relevant departments should report the flood damage situation to the flood control and drought relief command agency in a timely manner. The flood control and drought relief command agency should collect dynamic disaster information, fully understand the disaster situation, and promptly report it to the government at the same level and superiors. Report of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. Disasters involving casualties and large property losses should be reported immediately. For major disasters, the preliminary situation should be reported to the National Defense Headquarters within 4 hours after the disaster occurs. The real-time disaster situation should be verified by the organization and reported in a timely manner after verification to provide an accurate basis for disaster relief. .

(3) Local people's governments at all levels and flood control and drought relief command agencies should report flood disaster situations in accordance with regulations.

3.1.4 Drought information

(1) Drought information mainly includes: time, location, degree of drought, scope of drought, affected population, and its impact on industrial and agricultural production, urban and rural areas Impact on life, ecological environment, etc.

(2) The flood control and drought relief command agencies should grasp changes in water and rain conditions, local water storage conditions, farmland soil moisture and urban and rural water supply conditions, and strengthen drought monitoring. The flood control and drought relief command agencies of local people's governments at all levels should report according to regulations. Drought conditions. When drought develops rapidly, additional reports should be made promptly. 3.2.1 Preparation for prevention and early warning

(1) Ideological preparation. Strengthen publicity, enhance the public's awareness of flood and drought disaster prevention and self-protection, and make mental preparations to prevent severe floods and resist severe droughts.

(2) Organizational preparation. Establish and improve the flood control and drought relief organization and command structure, implement the monitoring network and early warning measures for flood control and drought relief personnel, flood control and drought relief teams, and key areas prone to flash floods, and strengthen the construction of professional flood control mobile rescue teams and drought relief service organizations.

(3) Project preparation. Complete the repair of water damage projects and the construction of water source projects on time, implement emergency relief and reinforcement of various water conservancy engineering facilities such as dikes, reservoirs, culverts, pumping stations, etc. that are at risk, and promptly close all roads crossing dikes in large and medium-sized cities with dike protection. Conveyance and drainage pipelines, traffic intersections and drainage ditches; for water conservancy projects and dangerous projects constructed across flood seasons, plans for safe flood relief must be implemented.

(4) Plan preparation.

Revise and improve various rivers, lakes, and urban flood control plans, typhoon surge defense plans, flood forecast plans, flood control project scheduling procedures, embankment breach and reservoir failure emergency plans, safe transfer plans for flood storage and detention areas, mountain flood prevention plans, and drought relief plans. plan, urban drought response plan. Study and formulate emergency plans to prevent excessive floods and proactively respond to major floods. Engineering rescue plans must also be formulated for dangerous sections of river embankments.

(5) Material preparation. In accordance with the principle of hierarchical responsibility, necessary flood control materials are reserved and reasonably allocated. A certain amount of emergency materials should be reserved in key flood control areas to meet urgent needs.

(6) Communication preparation. Make full use of the public communication network to ensure that the private flood control communication network and the early warning feedback system in the flood storage and detention area are intact and smooth. Improve the network of hydrological and meteorological forecasting stations to ensure the timely transmission of rain, water regime, industrial conditions, disaster information and command and dispatch instructions.

(7) Flood prevention and drought relief inspection. Implement a hierarchical inspection system with the main contents being inspection of organization, engineering, plans, materials and communications. If weak links are found, responsibilities must be clearly defined and rectifications must be made within a time limit.

(8) Daily management of flood prevention. Strengthen the daily management of flood control. Flood impact assessment reports must be prepared for non-flood control construction projects constructed in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, tidal flats, artificial waterways, and flood storage and detention areas. Projects that have not been approved and seriously affect flood control must be forcibly demolished in accordance with the law. .

3.2.2 River Flood Warning

(1) When rivers are about to flood, hydrological departments at all levels should do a good job in flood forecasting and promptly report water levels, The measured flow conditions and flood trends provide a basis for early warning.

(2) Flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should determine flood warning areas, levels and flood information release scope in accordance with the principle of hierarchical responsibilities, and release them to the public according to their authority.

(3) The hydrological department should track and analyze the development trend of river floods and make timely rolling forecasts of the latest water conditions to provide basic basis for disaster relief.

3.2.3 Flood Disaster Early Warning

When heavy rainfall is forecast, flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should determine flood and flood early warning areas, level, release it to the public according to authority, and make relevant preparations for waterlogging. When necessary, notify residents and enterprises and institutions in low-lying areas to transfer property in a timely manner.

3.2.4 Flash Flood Disaster Early Warning

(1) Any place that may be threatened by flash flood disasters should proactively take prevention and avoidance measures based on the causes and characteristics of flash flood disasters. Hydrology, meteorology, land and resources and other departments should be in close contact and cooperate with each other to achieve full sharing of information, improve forecasting levels, and issue forecast warnings in a timely manner.

(2) Wherever there are flash flood disasters, the flood control and drought relief command agency should organize the land and resources, water conservancy, meteorological and other departments to prepare a flash flood disaster prevention plan, draw a flash flood disaster risk map in the area, and divide and determine the area Identify the locations and areas prone to flash flood disasters, formulate safety transfer plans, and clarify the organizational structure and responsibilities.

(3) Areas prone to flash flood disasters should establish a monitoring system that combines professional monitoring with group measurement and prevention, implement observation measures, and adhere to a 24-hour patrol system during the flood season. During rainfall periods, intensify observation and strengthen patrols. . Every town, town, village, group and relevant unit must implement a signal sender. Once danger signs are discovered, they will immediately alert the surrounding people to achieve rapid transfer and report to the local flood control and drought relief command agency so that disaster relief can be organized in a timely manner.

3.2.5 Typhoon surge disaster warning

(1) According to the typhoon (including tropical storm, tropical depression, etc.) information released by the Central Meteorological Observatory, relevant meteorological management at the provincial level and below Departments should closely monitor, make good forecasts of future trends, and promptly report information such as the typhoon center location, intensity, moving direction and speed to the people's governments at the same level and the flood control and drought relief command agencies.

(2) In places that may be hit by typhoons, flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should strengthen their duties, track the trends of typhoons, and release relevant information to the public in a timely manner.

(3) The water conservancy department should promptly notify relevant reservoirs, major lakes and river embankment management units according to the scope of the typhoon's impact to do a good job in prevention. Each project management unit should organize personnel to analyze the impact of water conditions and typhoons, strengthen project inspections, and implement pre-discharge and pre-discharge measures when necessary.

(4) In coastal areas that are forecast to be affected by typhoons, the local flood control and drought relief headquarters should promptly notify relevant departments and personnel to prepare for typhoons.

(5) Strengthen the inspection and take reinforcement measures of dilapidated buildings in cities and towns, construction sites under construction, warehouses, traffic roads, telecommunications cables, power wires, outdoor billboards and other public facilities, and organize ships to return to ports for shelter and along the coast. Evacuation of breeding personnel.

3.2.6 Early warning for flood storage and detention areas

(1) The management unit of the flood storage and detention area should formulate a plan for the safe transfer of people.

(2) Project management units in flood storage and detention areas should strengthen project operation monitoring, deal with problems in a timely manner, and report to superior authorities and flood control and drought relief command agencies at the same level.

(3) When using flood storage and detention areas, local people's governments and flood control and drought relief command agencies should put the safety of people's lives first, quickly activate the early warning system, and implement transfers in accordance with the mass safety transfer plan.

3.2.7 Drought Disaster Early Warning

(1) Flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should take early warning and preventive measures based on the causes and characteristics of drought disasters and local conditions.

(2) Flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should establish and improve drought monitoring networks and drought disaster statistics teams to keep abreast of real-time drought disasters, predict drought development trends, and propose corresponding countermeasures according to different drought levels to provide Provide scientific basis for drought relief command decisions.

(3) Flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should strengthen the construction of drought relief service networks and encourage and support social forces to carry out various forms of social service organization construction to prevent the occurrence and spread of drought disasters.

3.2.8 Water supply crisis warning

When a water supply crisis occurs due to shortage or destruction of water supply sources, interruption of water supply lines, damage to water supply quality, etc., the local flood control and drought relief command agency will Early warnings should be announced to the public, residents, enterprises and institutions should be prepared to reserve emergency water, and relevant departments should be prepared for emergency water supply. 3.3.1 Flood and drought risk maps

(1) Flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should organize engineering and technical personnel to study and draw urban flood risk maps, flood storage and detention area flood risk maps, and river basin flood risk maps in the region map, flash flood risk map, reservoir flood risk map and drought risk map.

(2) The flood control and drought relief command agency should use various flood and drought risk maps as the technical basis for decision-making on flood control and disaster relief, safe relocation of the masses, and drought relief and relief.

3.3.2 Flood prevention plan

The flood control and drought relief command agency should prepare and revise a river flood prevention plan as needed to proactively respond to river floods.

3.3.3 Drought relief plan

Flood control and drought relief command agencies at all levels should prepare drought relief plans to proactively respond to drought disasters of different levels.